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The conversion of coconut oil into hydrocarbons within the chain length range of jet fuel
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s13399-020-01046-9
Ruana D. Brandão , Antônio M. de Freitas Júnior , Silvia C. Oliveira , Paulo A. Z. Suarez , Marcos J. Prauchner

The present work concerns the conversion of coconut oil into hydrocarbons within the chain length range of jet biofuel through the pathway called hydroprocessing of esters and fatty acids (HEFA). The aim is to employ the resulting mixture as an alternative biofuel in the aviation sector. The process involved two steps: (i) hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) over a sulfided NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst, followed by (ii) hydroisomerization (HIS) over a Pt/SAPO-11 catalyst. Preliminary tests were carried out with model compounds: lauric acid and n-dodecane for HDO and HIS, respectively. In both steps, middle processing temperatures (~ 340–350 °C) were low enough to prevent excessive cracking but high enough to provide acceptable reaction rates and to prevent coke formation. The HDO step rendered a mixture constituted basically by n-alkanes. The subsequent HIS permitted to increase the content of branched chains. The final HEFA-SPK (where SPK is the abbreviation for synthetic paraffinic kerosene) had an acidic index zero and a relatively high content of monomethylalkanes. Furthermore, due to the fatty chain composition of the starting oil, the chain length distribution of the resulting biofuel matched well with that of conventional jet fuels, so that subsequent steps of cracking and fractionation, which increase costs and reduce the process yield, were not required. The obtained results are encouraging in terms of using coconut oil-based HEFA-SPK in the formulation of sustainable alternative jet fuels at competitive costs and with relevant environmental and social benefits.



中文翻译:

在喷气燃料的链长范围内,椰子油转化为碳氢化合物

本工作涉及通过称为酯和脂肪酸加氢处理(HEFA)的途径将椰子油转化为喷气生物燃料的链长范围内的碳氢化合物。目的是将所得混合物用作航空领域的替代生物燃料。该方法包括两个步骤:(i)在硫化的NiMo / Al 2 O 3催化剂上的加氢脱氧(HDO),然后(ii)在Pt / SAPO-11催化剂上的加氢异构化(HIS)。对以下化合物进行了初步测试:月桂酸和n-十二烷分别用于HDO和HIS。在这两个步骤中,中间加工温度(〜340–350°C)足够低以防止过度裂化,但足够高以提供可接受的反应速率并防止焦炭形成。HDO步骤使混合物基本上由n组成-烷烃。随后的HIS允许增加分支链的内容。最终的HEFA-SPK(其中SPK是合成链烷烃煤油的缩写)的酸指数为零,单甲基烷烃含量较高。此外,由于起始油的脂肪链组成,所得生物燃料的链长分布与常规喷气燃料的链长分布非常匹配,因此后续的裂化和分馏步骤不增加成本并降低了工艺收率。需要。就使用椰子油基HEFA-SPK配制可持续的代用喷气燃料而言,所获得的结果令人鼓舞,价格具有竞争力,并具有相关的环境和社会效益。

更新日期:2020-10-20
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