Fine-grained metals and alloys with a homogeneous microstructure can be produced in bulk quantities using the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) technique. In the ECAP process, improvements in desired properties and grain refinement depend on die geometry, number of passes, strain per pass, plunger speed, friction conditions, processing temperature, etc. In the present study, Al-6063 alloy cylindrical samples are processed by ECAP varying three critical parameters: die channel angle, number of passes, and intermediate processing temperature. Optical microscopy, electron back scattered diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques are used for observing grain size and refinement, deformation patterns, the formation of precipitates etc. The main consequence of the thermomechanical effect is a reduction in grain size from micro to nano is observed. This transformation makes the material better, which shows outstanding promises on ECAP results. The developed material can be highly applicable in research as well as in the automotive industry.

可以使用等通道角挤压（ECAP）技术批量生产具有均匀微观结构的细晶粒金属和合金。在ECAP工艺中，所需性能的改善和晶粒细化取决于模具的几何形状，道次数，每道次应变，柱塞速度，摩擦条件，加工温度等。在本研究中，Al-6063合金圆柱样品通过以下方法加工ECAP改变三个关键参数：模具通道角度，通过次数和中间加工温度。光学显微镜，电子反向散射衍射，扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术用于观察晶粒尺寸和细化，变形模式，沉淀物的形成等。热机械作用的主要结果是观察到晶粒尺寸从微米减小到纳米。这种转变使材料变得更好，这表明了ECAP成果的巨大希望。所开发的材料可以高度适用于研究以及汽车行业。