We systematically assess several limiting cases of modified gravity, where particular theoretical or observational conditions hold. This framework includes the well known scalar-tensor gravity and No Slip Gravity and No Run Gravity, and we extend it to three new limits: Only Run, Only Light, and Only Growth Gravities. These limits give simplifications that allow deeper understanding of modified gravity, including demonstration that gravitational effects on light and matter can have opposite signs in their deviation from general relativity. We also show observational predictions for the different cosmic structure growth rates $f\sigma_8$ and the ratio of gravitational wave standard siren luminosity to photon standard candle luminosity distance relations, defining a new statistic $D_G$ that emphasizes their complementarity and ability to distinguish models.

中文翻译：

---

有限的修正重力

我们系统地评估了修改重力的几个极限情况，其中特定的理论或观察条件成立。该框架包括众所周知的标量张量重力和无滑移重力和无运行重力，我们将其扩展到三个新限制：仅运行、仅轻和仅增长重力。这些限制提供了简化，可以更深入地理解修改后的引力，包括证明引力对光和物质的影响在偏离广义相对论时可能具有相反的符号。我们还展示了对不同宇宙结构增长率 $f\sigma_8$ 和引力波标准警报器光度与光子标准烛光光度距离关系之比的观测预测，