The Wenchuan earthquake, which occurred on May 12, 2008, caused a large number of casualties and substantial property losses. Postearthquake reconstruction is a complex and systematic project, the core of which is to enable the residents of the earthquake-stricken areas to resume normal productivity and life as soon as possible. This paper aims to evaluate the efficiency of postearthquake reconstruction in extremely earthquake-stricken areas. From the perspective of the inputs and outputs, the DEA-Malmquist index was used to construct a reconstruction efficiency evaluation model for the extremely stricken areas. Reconstruction efficiencies are analyzed for 10 areas that were severely impacted by the Wenchuan earthquake. Finally, three major disaster-pregnancy environmental factors, namely, including topography, fault zones, and river systems, are selected. Based on the temporal trend of reconstruction efficiency, the degree of correlation between the postearthquake reconstruction efficiency fluctuation and the three major disaster-pregnancy environmental factors is analyzed. The study results show that the overall reconstruction efficiency of the 10 extremely earthquake-stricken areas was relatively high. In 2011, the reconstruction efficiency basically returned the areas to preearthquake levels, and there was a small fluctuation in efficiency due to the effects of earthquake-induced hazards and the reduction of external forces. Spatially, the reconstruction efficiencies of the 10 extremely stricken areas do not show a “convergence effect,” and the reconstruction efficiencies were closely related to the characteristics of the resources in the extremely stricken areas. In terms of the main disaster-pregnancy environment, the terrain complexity is most closely related to fluctuation of reconstruction efficiency, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9975, followed by river network density and the lowest fault density. Therefore, to improve the reconstruction efficiency of the extremely earthquake-stricken areas, the adjustment measures that promote local advantages should be fully utilized to mitigate the lasting effects of earthquake-induced hazards.

中文翻译：

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基于DEA-Malmquist指数的汶川特大地震灾区灾后重建效率时空特征分析

2008年5月12日发生的汶川地震造成大量人员伤亡和重大财产损失。震后重建是一个复杂而系统的项目，其核心是使地震灾区的居民能够尽快恢复正常的生产力和生活。本文旨在评估地震严重地区的地震后重建效率。从投入和产出的角度来看，DEA-Malmquist指数被用于构建极端灾区的重建效率评估模型。分析了汶川地震严重影响的10个地区的重建效率。最后，三个主要的孕灾环境因素，即地形，断层带和河流系统，被选中。根据灾后重建效率的时间趋势，分析了震后灾后重建效率波动与三个主要孕灾环境因素的相关程度。研究结果表明，十个极端地震灾区的整体重建效率较高。2011年，重建效率基本上使该地区恢复到地震前的水平，并且由于地震诱发的危害和外力的减少，效率的波动很小。在空间上，十个重灾区的重建效率没有表现出“趋同效应”，而重建效率与重灾区的资源特征密切相关。就主要的孕灾环境而言，地形复杂度与重建效率的波动关系最密切，相关系数为0.9975，其次是河流网络密度和最低的断层密度。因此，为提高地震灾区的重建效率，应充分利用促进地方优势的调整措施，以减轻地震灾害的持久影响。