In cutting operations of titanium alloys, most of the problems are related to the high consumption of cutting tools due to excessive wear. An improvement of metalworking fluid (MWF) technology would increase the productivity, sustainability, and quality of machining processes by lubricating and cooling. In this research article, the authors varied the surfactant’s charge, the hydrocarbon chain length, and the ethoxylation degree. Surfactants were dispersed at 1.2 mM in water and trimethylolpropane oleate to produce water-based MWF. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and total organic carbon analysis were used to study the influence of surfactant structure on the film forming ability of the emulsion and performance was studied on Ti6Al4V using tapping torque test. The results showed that by changing the molecular structure of the surfactant, it is possible to vary the affinity between the ester and the substrate and reach an optimal combination, which improves the formation of a tribofilm. The mixture with anionic surfactants has good tribology performance, while non-ionic surfactants shorten the tool’s life. Moreover, the increase in the hydrocarbon chain length and the number of ethoxylations of surfactants promotes the adhesion of ester onto the metal surface, improving the lubricity properties of environmentally friendly MWF.

中文翻译：

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表面活性剂结构在开发可持续有效的切削钛合金切削液中的作用

在钛合金的切削操作中，大多数问题与过度磨损导致切削工具的高消耗有关。金属加工液（MWF）技术的改进将通过润滑和冷却来提高生产率，可持续性和加工过程的质量。在这篇研究文章中，作者改变了表面活性剂的电荷，烃链长度和乙氧基化度。将表面活性剂以1.2 mM的浓度分散在水和三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯中，制得水基MWF。利用红外反射吸收光谱法和总有机碳分析法研究了表面活性剂结构对乳液成膜能力的影响，并通过攻丝扭矩测试研究了Ti6Al4V的性能。结果表明，通过改变表面活性剂的分子结构，可以改变酯与底物之间的亲和力并达到最佳组合，从而改善了摩擦膜的形成。与阴离子表面活性剂的混合物具有良好的摩擦学性能，而非离子表面活性剂会缩短工具的使用寿命。而且，烃链长度的增加和表面活性剂的乙氧基化的数目促进了酯在金属表面上的粘附，从而改善了环境友好的MWF的润滑性。