We aimed to evaluate the selectivity of entomopathogenic fungi to larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). For this purpose, Beauveria bassiana (strain ESALQ PL63), Metarhizium anisopliae (strain ESALQ E9) and Metarhizium rileyi (strain UFMS 03) were assessed at different concentrations (1 × 10⁷, 1 × 10⁸ and 1 × 10⁹ conidia mL⁻¹). The control treatment consisted of distilled water and Tween80 0.01. The treatments were applied with a Potter spray tower using two different methodologies: direct application (DA) and dry film (DF). Up to 96 h after application, no treatment provided a larval mortality above 3%. After 120 h, only B. bassiana induced significant mortality in all instars, with rates of 26%, 17% and 10% for first, second and third instar larval periods, respectively. There was no difference regarding to the application method or concentration of conidia. The percentage of individuals that revealed changes in the length of the larval and pupal periods varied among different treatments with entomopathogenic fungi and control treatments, application methodologies and concentrations. Despite B. bassiana revealing a higher mortality than M. anisopliae and M. rileyi on larvae of C. externa, these three entomopathogenic fungi may be used in association with C. externa for sustainable pest management.

中文翻译：

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病原真菌对Chrysoperla externa（Neuroptera：Chrysopidae）的选择性

我们旨在评估昆虫病原真菌对Chrysoperla externa（Neuroptera：Chrysopidae）幼虫的选择性。为了这个目的，球孢白僵菌（株ESALQ PL63），金龟子绿僵菌（菌株ESALQ E9）和绿僵rileyi（株UFMS 03）用不同浓度（1×10评估⁷，1×10 ⁸ 1×10 ⁹个分生孢子毫升^{- 1个}）。对照处理由蒸馏水和​​吐温80 0.01组成。使用两种不同的方法在波特喷雾塔中进行处理：直接施用（DA）和干膜（DF）。施用后长达96小时，未进行任何处理的幼虫死亡率超过3％。120小时后，仅球孢杆菌在所有幼虫中均引起显着的死亡率，第一，第二和第三龄幼虫期的死亡率分别为26％，17％和10％。分生孢子的使用方法或浓度没有差异。在昆虫病原性真菌和对照治疗，施用方法和浓度不同的处理之间，揭示出幼虫和p期长度变化的个体百分比有所不同。尽管B. bassiana露出比较高的死亡率绿僵菌和M. rileyi上的幼虫C.外耳炎，这三个昆虫病原真菌可用于有关C.外耳炎可持续虫害管理。