Preceramic organosilicon materials combining the properties of a polymer and an inorganic ceramic phase are of great interest to scientists working in biomedical sciences. The interdisciplinary nature of organosilicon polymers and their molecular structures, as well as their diversity of applications have resulted in an unprecedented range of devices and synergies cutting across unrelated fields in medicine and engineering. Organosilicon materials, especially the polysiloxanes, have a long history of industrial and medical uses in many versatile aspects as they can be easily fabricated into complex‐shaped products using a wide variety of computer‐aided or polymer manufacturing techniques. Thus far, intensive research activities have been mainly devoted to the processing of preceramic organosilicon polymers toward magnetic, electronic, structural, optical, and not biological applications. Herein we present innovative research studies and recent developments of preceramic organosilicon polymers at the interface with biological systems, displaying the versatility and multi‐functionality of these materials. This article reviews recent research on preceramic organosilicon polymers and corresponding composites for bone tissue regeneration and medical engineering implants, focusing on three particular topics: (a) surface modifications to create tailorable and bioactive surfaces with high corrosion resistance and improved biological properties; (b) biological evaluations for specific applications, such as in glaucoma drainage devices, orthopedic implants, bone tissue regeneration, wound dressing, drug delivery systems, and antibacterial activity; and (c) in vitro and in vivo studies for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and cell viability. The interest in organosilicon materials stems from the fact that a vast array of these materials have complementary attributes that, when integrated appropriately with functional fillers and carefully controlled conditions, could be exploited either as polymeric Si‐based composites or as organosilicon polymer‐derived Si‐based ceramic composites to tailor and optimize properties of the Si‐based materials for various proposed applications.

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用于各种医疗保健和生物医学工程应用的陶瓷前有机硅聚合物的生物学评价：综述

结合聚合物和无机陶瓷相的特性的陶瓷前有机硅材料对从事生物医学科学工作的科学家非常感兴趣。有机硅聚合物及其分子结构的跨学科性质以及它们的应用多样性导致了前所未有的设备范围和跨越医学和工程不相关领域的协同作用。有机硅材料，尤其是聚硅氧烷，在工业和医疗领域有着悠久的历史，在许多方面具有广泛的用途，因为它们可以使用各种计算机辅助或聚合物制造技术轻松制造成复杂形状的产品。迄今为止，深入的研究活动主要致力于将陶瓷前体有机硅聚合物加工成磁性、电子、结构、光学，而不是生物应用。在这里，我们介绍了陶瓷前有机硅聚合物在与生物系统界面的创新研究和最新进展，展示了这些材料的多功能性和多功能性。本文回顾了有关用于骨组织再生和医学工程植入物的陶瓷前有机硅聚合物和相应复合材料的最新研究，重点关注三个特定主题：(b) 特定应用的生物学评估，例如青光眼引流装置、骨科植入物、骨组织再生、伤口敷料、药物输送系统和抗菌活性；(c) 细胞毒性、遗传毒性和细胞活力的体外和体内研究。对有机硅材料的兴趣源于这样一个事实，即大量这些材料具有互补属性，当与功能性填料适当结合并仔细控制条件时，可以将其用作聚合硅基复合材料或有机硅聚合物衍生的硅。基于陶瓷复合材料，为各种建议的应用定制和优化硅基材料的性能。