Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2020.102947 S.Z. Tohar , M.Y. Mohd Yunus
Since year 2010, advance research in resource investigation, mineralogy and geochemistry, environmental impact as well as processing technique of ion-adsorption type rare earth elements (REE) deposit particularly in mining industry has been conducted worldwide. Ion-adsorption type REEs are formed by weathering process of igneous rocks (typically granites) that contain certain REE-bearing minerals. Effect of the rapidly weathering, REE minerals are decomposed, and ionized REEs are absorbed on clay minerals such as kaolinite and halloysite. A research study has been made in discovery the ion-adsorption type REE prospecting in Johor, Southern Peninsular Malaysia with three vertical weathering profiles (up to 11 m) sampled on Besar island, Tengah island and Hujung island. Parent granite is A-type consist of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite and 0.6–1.4 wt% accessory minerals (zircon, apatite, monazite-(Ce) and chlorite). The main REE-bearing minerals are monazite-(Ce), apatite, zircon, titanite, allanite-(Ce) and bastnaesite-(Ce). Total REE concentrations in raw saprolite (potential REE horizon in weathering profiles) is ranging between 1167 and 2339 ppm. The laboratory leach ability of the REE in different parts of the A-type granite weathering profiles was determined by carrying out a three step BCR sequential extraction procedures. The evidence from the three-step BCR-701 (certified freshwater sediment standard) sequential extraction procedure for ion-adsorption was consistent with a near instant process (≤1 h) with 70–80% recovery rate. This is due to the re-precipitation of REE3+ ions in solution and due to hydrolysis of ions on the clay surface. The ion-adsorption (leached) fraction was enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) compared with the raw sample compositions of the saprolites and saprocks (Ce/Ce* ratio range largely from 0.17 to 0.82). The LREE accounted for 80–90% of the total REE content in the investigated saprolite and saprock; allowed in agreement with the trend that was observed in Thailand and South China ores.
中文翻译:
稀土离子吸附型矿物学和BCR连续浸出:马来西亚柔佛州的一项新颖研究
自2010年以来,特别是在采矿业中,已经在资源调查,矿物学和地球化学,环境影响以及离子吸附型稀土元素(REE)矿床的加工技术方面进行了深入研究。离子吸附型稀土元素是由含有某些稀土元素的火成岩(通常是花岗岩)的风化过程形成的。在快速风化的影响下,稀土元素矿物分解,离子化的稀土元素被粘土矿物如高岭石和埃洛石吸收。已经进行了一项研究研究,发现了马来西亚南部半岛柔佛州的离子吸附型REE矿床,并在Besar岛,Tengah岛和Hujung岛上采样了三个垂直风化剖面(长达11 m)。母体花岗岩为A型,由石英,钾长石,斜长石,黑云母和0.6–1.4 wt%的辅助矿物质(锆石,磷灰石,独居石(Ce)和绿泥石)。含稀土的主要矿物是独居石(Ce),磷灰石,锆石,钛矿,尿囊石(Ce)和贝纳石(Ce)。粗腐泥土中的总REE浓度(在风化剖面中潜在的REE水平)介于1167和2339 ppm之间。通过进行三步BCR顺序萃取程序,可以确定REE在A型花岗岩风化剖面不同部分的实验室浸出能力。从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 含稀土的主要矿物是独居石(Ce),磷灰石,锆石,钛矿,尿囊石(Ce)和贝纳石(Ce)。粗腐泥土中的总REE浓度(在风化剖面中潜在的REE水平)介于1167和2339 ppm之间。通过进行三步BCR顺序萃取程序,可以确定REE在A型花岗岩风化剖面不同部分的实验室浸出能力。从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 含稀土的主要矿物是独居石(Ce),磷灰石,锆石,钛矿,尿囊石(Ce)和贝纳石(Ce)。粗腐泥土中的总REE浓度(在风化剖面中潜在的REE水平)介于1167和2339 ppm之间。通过进行三步BCR顺序萃取程序,可以确定REE在A型花岗岩风化剖面不同部分的实验室浸出能力。从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 粗腐泥土中的总REE浓度(在风化剖面中潜在的REE水平)介于1167和2339 ppm之间。通过进行三步BCR顺序萃取程序,可以确定REE在A型花岗岩风化剖面不同部分的实验室浸出能力。从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 粗腐泥土中的总REE浓度(在风化剖面中潜在的REE水平)介于1167和2339 ppm之间。通过进行三步BCR顺序萃取程序,可以确定REE在A型花岗岩风化剖面不同部分的实验室浸出能力。从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀 从三步法BCR-701(经认证的淡水沉积物标准物)进行的离子吸附顺序萃取过程的证据表明,该萃取过程接近即时过程(≤1 h),回收率达到70-80%。这是由于REE的重新沉淀溶液中有3+离子,并且是由于粘土表面上的离子水解所致。与腐泥土和腐泥土的原始样品组成相比,离子吸附(浸出)级分富含轻稀土元素(LREE)(Ce / Ce *比范围从0.17至0.82)。LREE占被调查的腐泥土和边材中REE总量的80-90%。允许与泰国和华南矿石的趋势一致。