Introduction

Walking is a common form of physical activity and is the most frequent way to access public transit. On-going changes in the US transportation system are occurring, notably increases in smartphone application-based ridesharing. The goal of this research is to assess whether increasing use of ridesharing was associated with a change in transit-related walking. This is important to both public health and transportation, as it can inform changes in active transportation which promotes both physical activity and transit use.

Methods

We examined the association between change in transit use, transit-related walking, and ridesharing nationally and for selected metropolitan areas using the 2009 and 2017 National Household Travel Survey (≥18 years; n = 263,572 and n = 230,592, respectively). Analyses were conducted in 2019. Covariates included sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, employment, work from home, household size, number of vehicles, population density, Census region, metro area size and heavy rail transit category and season.

Results

The national prevalence of transit use in the past month in 2009 was 16.9% (95% CI: 16.4%–17.4%) and in 2017 was 16.1% (15.6%–16.6%), a significant decrease (p < 0.02). The prevalence of daily transit-related walking in 2009 was 4.2% (4.0%–4.4%) and in 2017 was 4.4% (4.2%–4.6%; p = 0.22). The prevalence of daily taxi use in 2009 was 0.5% (0.4%–0.6%) and taxi/rideshare in 2017 was 1.1% (1.0%–1.2%), a significant increase (p < 0.0001). The relationships remained after covariate adjustment. Finally, there was not a significant change in transit-related walking or interaction between year and taxi/rideshare use after additional adjustment for taxi/rideshare. Changes in transit-related walking in metros were largely not significant, whereas increases in taxi/rideshare were largely significant.

Conclusions

Results suggest that increased use of ridesharing may not be linked with changes in transit-related walking. Continued surveillance of travel mode prevalence is required to track potential reductions in population-level physical activity with technology-related changes in travel.

中文翻译：

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2009年至2017年期间，国家和城市在公共交通使用，与交通相关的步行和乘车共享方面的趋势

介绍

步行是体育活动的一种常见形式，并且是最常用的公共交通方式。美国交通运输系统正在发生不断的变化，特别是基于智能手机应用程序的乘车共享正在增加。这项研究的目的是评估乘车共享的使用是否与交通相关步行的变化有关。这对于公共卫生和运输都非常重要，因为它可以告知主动运输的变化，从而促进身体活动和公共交通使用。

方法

我们使用2009年和2017年的《全国家庭出行调查》（≥18年; n = 263572和n = 230592）检查了全国以及部分大城市地区的公交使用方式变化，与公交相关的步行和乘车共享之间的关联。在2019年进行了分析。协变量包括性别，年龄，种族/民族，教育，就业，在家工作，家庭人数，车辆数量，人口密度，人口普查地区，都市圈规模以及重型铁路运输类别和季节。

结果

2009年过去一个月的全国过境使用率为16.9％（95％CI：16.4％–17.4％），2017年为16.1％（15.6％–16.6％），显着下降（p  <0.02）。2009年，与日常公交相关的步行行为的患病率为4.2％（4.0％–4.4％），2017年为4.4％（4.2％–4.6％；p  = 0.22）。2009年的每日出租车使用率为0.5％（0.4％–0.6％），2017年的出租车/乘车份额为1.1％（1.0％–1.2％），显着增加（p <0.0001）。进行协变量调整后，关系仍然存在。最后，在对出租车/乘车份额进行了进一步调整之后，年度与出租车/乘车份额之间的与交通相关的步行或互动没有显着变化。与地铁相关的与步行有关的变化变化不大，而出租车/乘车份额的变化则变化很大。

结论

结果表明，乘车共享的增加使用可能与与交通相关的步行变化无关。需要持续监视出行方式的流行，以跟踪与技术相关的出行变化带来的人口水平体育活动的潜在减少。