As lockdown eases, economic activities resume in Pakistan. If the country continues to follow business-as-usual (BAU) then it is anticipated that carbon output could surge past pre-COVID-19 levels – that means more disasters in future. Thus, it is an unprecedented opportunity to shift from BAU and achieve carbon-neutral and nature-positive economic recovery – green economic recovery (GER). To fuel the GER, access to modern, equitable, affordable and sustainable energy is paramount. This study explores waste-to-energy (WtE) as an alternative green fuel for GER. Seven WtE technologies are prioritized based on the concept of energy trilemma – energy security, energy equity, and environmental sustainability. For the evaluation, an energy trilemma based decision support framework is developed using most prominent multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. The fuzzy set theory is integrated with MCDM methods to minimize uncertainty in results. Sixteen experts are engaged to score each WtE technology with respect to every energy trilemma dimension and sub-dimension. Gasification technology is found to be the most feasible option for WtE generation in Pakistan whereas Torrefaction technology is least favorable. It is concluded that the need to shift towards sustainable energy is more than ever to limit the carbon emission and prevent future crisis.

随着封锁的缓解，巴基斯坦的经济活动恢复。如果该国继续遵循“一切照旧”（BAU）的标准，那么预计碳排放量可能会超过COVID-19之前的水平，这意味着将来会有更多的灾难。因此，这是一个摆脱BAU并实现碳中和自然积极的经济复苏-绿色经济复苏（GER）的前所未有的机会。为了推动GER，获取现代，公平，负担得起的可持续能源至关重要。这项研究探索了垃圾发电（WtE）作为GER的替代绿色燃料。根据能源困境的概念优先考虑七种WtE技术-能源安全，能源公平和环境可持续性。为了评估，使用最杰出的多标准决策（MCDM）方法开发了基于能源三难的决策支持框架。模糊集理论与MCDM方法集成在一起，以最小化结果的不确定性。十六名专家参与了每个WtE技术在每个能源三难问题维度和子维度方面的评分。人们发现，气化技术是巴基斯坦WtE发电的最可行选择，而Torrefaction技术则不利。结论是，转向可持续能源的需求比以往任何时候都更加重要，以限制碳排放并防止未来的危机。人们发现，气化技术是巴基斯坦WtE发电的最可行选择，而Torrefaction技术则不利。结论是，转向可持续能源的需求比以往任何时候都更加重要，以限制碳排放并防止未来的危机。人们发现，气化技术是巴基斯坦WtE发电的最可行选择，而Torrefaction技术则不利。结论是，转向可持续能源的需求比以往任何时候都更加重要，以限制碳排放并防止未来的危机。