Abstract The Guadalupian Epoch is marked by the formation of the Pangean supercontinent, global sea-level change, rifting and drifting of the Cimmerian continents, formation of large igneous provinces and dramatic biotic changes. A high-resolution biostratigraphic, chemostratigraphic and high-precision geochronologic framework of this critical transition is fundamental to understanding these events. Extensive studies of the latest Cisuralian and Guadalupian Series in both South China and North America reveal the same conodont lineages, but the conodont interval zones based on Jinogondolella within the Guadalupian Series are slightly diachronous. High-precision U-Pb geochronological studies (CA-ID-TIMS method) calibrate the base of the Guadalupian Series (base Roadian) at 273.01 ± 0.14 Ma. A previously reported age from an ash bed overlying the Emeishan flood basalts, 259.51 ± 0.21 Ma, is adopted for the Guadalupian/Lopingian boundary (GLB). Based on recently published geochronology and Bayesian age modeling from the Guadalupian Series, the base of the Capitanian is constrained at 264.28 ± 0.16 Ma and the base of the Wordian is interpolated to be 266.9 ± 0.4 Ma. The Illawarra Reversal is of early-middle Wordian age. Both North America and South China possess a distinct negative δ13Ccarb excursion of 3-5‰ at the latest Kungurian and early Roadian (LK-ER CIE), which coincides with the early stages of a significant 3rd order sea-level rise. The large end-Guadalupian δ13Ccarb negative excursion may have been affected by post-depositional diagenesis or a warming event associated with the Emeishan volcanism. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios in both regions declined from the latest Kungurian to the late Capitanian, but have different ratios and reveal several fluctuations in the middle Guadalupian. Measured δ18Oapatite values suggest that the Delaware Basin was 3-4°C cooler than the eastern Yangtze Block. Analysis of a new high-resolution database of marine taxa indicates only a minor pre-Lopingian diversity drop from 261.04 Ma to 259.98 Ma, which coincides with the peak Emeishan volcanism. The widely-perceived “end-Guadalupian mass extinction” in North America is evidently masked by, and possibly an artefact of, a stratigraphic truncation effect due to rapid lithofacies changes from limestone to laminated evaporites with the closure of the west Texas basins.

中文翻译：

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进展、问题与展望：华南和北美瓜达鲁普阶概述

摘要 瓜达鲁普纪以盘古超大陆的形成、全球海平面变化、辛梅里亚大陆的裂谷和漂移、大型火成岩省的形成和剧烈的生物变化为标志。这一关键转变的高分辨率生物地层学、化学地层学和高精度地质年代学框架是理解这些事件的基础。对华南和北美最新的 Cisuralian 和 Guadalupian 系列的广泛研究揭示了相同的牙形石谱系，但 Guadalupian 系列中基于 Jinogondolella 的牙形石间隔带略有历时。高精度 U-Pb 地质年代学研究（CA-ID-TIMS 方法）将瓜达鲁普阶（基罗地阶）的基部校准在 273.01 ± 0.14 Ma。瓜达卢普阶/洛平阶边界 (GLB) 采用了先前报道的来自覆盖峨眉山溢流玄武岩的灰层的年龄 259.51 ± 0.21 Ma。根据最近发表的来自瓜达卢普阶系列的地质年代学和贝叶斯年龄模型，卡皮塔阶底被限制在 264.28 ± 0.16 Ma，而 Wordian 底被内插为 266.9 ± 0.4 Ma。伊拉瓦拉逆转是沃德时代的早期中期。北美洲和华南地区在昆古期晚期和拉德阶早期（LK-ER CIE）都具有明显的 3-5‰ δ13Ccarb 负偏移，这与显着的 3 阶海平面上升的早期阶段相吻合。瓜达鲁普阶末期大的δ13Ccarb负偏移可能受到沉积后成岩作用或与峨眉山火山活动相关的变暖事件的影响。两个地区的 87Sr/86Sr 比值从昆古阶晚期到卡皮塔阶晚期均有所下降，但在瓜达鲁普阶中期具有不同的比例并显示出若干波动。测量的 δ18Oapatite 值表明特拉华盆地比扬子地块东部低 3-4°C。对一个新的高分辨率海洋分类群数据库的分析表明，前洛平阶多样性从 261.04 Ma 下降到 259.98 Ma，与峨眉山火山活动的高峰期相吻合。北美洲广为人知的“瓜达卢普阶末大灭绝”显然被地层截断效应所掩盖，而且可能是由于西德克萨斯盆地关闭时岩相从石灰岩快速转变为层状蒸发岩而造成的。但在瓜达鲁普中部有不同的比例并显示出几个波动。测量的 δ18Oapatite 值表明特拉华盆地比扬子地块东部低 3-4°C。对一个新的高分辨率海洋分类群数据库的分析表明，前洛平阶多样性从 261.04 Ma 下降到 259.98 Ma，与峨眉山火山活动的高峰期相吻合。北美洲广为人知的“瓜达卢普阶末大灭绝”显然被地层截断效应所掩盖，而且可能是由于西德克萨斯盆地关闭时岩相从石灰岩快速转变为层状蒸发岩而造成的。但在瓜达鲁普中部有不同的比例并显示出几个波动。测量的 δ18Oapatite 值表明特拉华盆地比扬子地块东部低 3-4°C。对一个新的高分辨率海洋分类群数据库的分析表明，前洛平阶多样性从 261.04 Ma 下降到 259.98 Ma，与峨眉山火山活动的高峰期相吻合。北美洲广为人知的“瓜达卢普阶末大灭绝”显然被地层截断效应所掩盖，而且可能是由于西德克萨斯盆地关闭时岩相从石灰岩快速转变为层状蒸发岩而造成的。对一个新的高分辨率海洋分类群数据库的分析表明，前洛平阶多样性从 261.04 Ma 下降到 259.98 Ma，与峨眉山火山活动的高峰期相吻合。北美洲广为人知的“瓜达卢普阶末大灭绝”显然被地层截断效应所掩盖，并且可能是由于西德克萨斯盆地关闭时岩相从石灰岩快速转变为层状蒸发岩而造成的。对一个新的高分辨率海洋分类群数据库的分析表明，前洛平阶多样性从 261.04 Ma 下降到 259.98 Ma，与峨眉山火山活动的高峰期相吻合。北美洲广为人知的“瓜达卢普阶末大灭绝”显然被地层截断效应所掩盖，而且可能是由于西德克萨斯盆地关闭时岩相从石灰岩快速转变为层状蒸发岩而造成的。