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Grassland-to-crop conversion in agricultural landscapes has lasting impact on the trait diversity of bees
Landscape Ecology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s10980-020-01141-2
Gaëtane Le Provost 1, 2, 3, 4 , Isabelle Badenhausser 1, 2, 3, 5 , Cyrille Violle 6 , Fabrice Requier 7 , Marie D'Ottavio 1, 2, 3, 8 , Marilyn Roncoroni 1, 2, 3, 9 , Louis Gross 1, 2, 3, 10 , Nicolas Gross 9
Affiliation  

Context Global pollinator decline has motivated much research to understand the underlying mechanisms. Among the multiple pressures threatening pollinators, habitat loss has been suggested as a key-contributing factor. While habitat destruction is often associated with immediate negative impacts, pollinators can also exhibit delayed responses over time. Objectives We used a trait-based approach to investigate how past and current land use at both local and landscape levels impact plant and wild bee communities in grasslands through a functional lens. Methods We measured flower and bee morphological traits that mediate plant–bee trophic linkage in 66 grasslands. Using an extensive database of 20 years of land-use records, we tested the legacy effects of the landscape-level conversion of grassland to crop on flower and bee trait diversity. Results Land-use history was a strong driver of flower and bee trait diversity in grasslands. Particularly, bee trait diversity was lower in landscapes where much of the land was converted from grassland to crop long ago. Bee trait diversity was also strongly driven by plant trait diversity computed with flower traits. However, this relationship was not observed in landscapes with a long history of grassland-to-crop conversion. The effects of land-use history on bee communities were as strong as those of current land use, such as grassland or mass-flowering crop cover in the landscape. Conclusions Habitat loss that occurred long ago in agricultural landscapes alters the relationship between plants and bees over time. The retention of permanent grassland sanctuaries within intensive agricultural landscapes can offset bee decline.

中文翻译:

农业景观中的草地向作物转换对蜜蜂的性状多样性具有持久影响

背景 全球授粉媒介的减少激发了许多研究以了解其潜在机制。在威胁传粉媒介的多重压力中,栖息地丧失被认为是一个关键因素。虽然栖息地破坏通常与直接的负面影响有关,但传粉媒介也会随着时间的推移表现出延迟反应。目标 我们使用基于特征的方法,通过功能镜头研究过去和当前的地方和景观层面的土地利用如何影响草原中的植物和野蜂群落。方法 我们测量了 66 个草原中介导植物-蜜蜂营养连锁的花卉和蜜蜂形态特征。使用包含 20 年土地利用记录的广泛数据库,我们测试了草地景观水平转变为作物对花卉和蜜蜂性状多样性的遗留影响。结果土地利用历史是草原花卉和蜜蜂性状多样性的强大驱动力。特别是在很久以前大部分土地从草地转变为农作物的景观中,蜜蜂性状多样性较低。蜜蜂性状多样性也受到花性状计算的植物性状多样性的强烈驱动。然而,这种关系在具有长期草原作物转化历史的景观中没有观察到。土地利用历史对蜜蜂群落的影响与当前土地利用的影响一样强烈,例如草地或景观中大量开花的作物覆盖。结论 很久以前在农业景观中发生的栖息地丧失随着时间的推移改变了植物和蜜蜂之间的关系。在集约化农业景观中保留永久性草原保护区可以抵消蜜蜂的衰退。
更新日期:2020-10-18
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