Mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus are vectors of many pathogens that greatly affect humankind. The maintenance of these mosquitoes in laboratory permit different studies that can help understanding their biology, as well as the vector-pathogen interaction. In addition to sugar meals, the blood feeding is essential for maintenance of the reproductive cycle in several vectors. The main blood sources for many mosquito colonies are direct feeding on live animal or the use of human/animal blood through artificial feeders. However, this latter process has some disadvantages, as artificial feeders can be very laborious for assembly and decontamination. Based on these observations, a simplified technique for feeding and artificial infection was developed with cotton-pads soaked (CS) and blood or blood and viral supernatant to simulate an artificial infection. The efficiency of the CS technique was investigated through the number of mosquitoes fed/infected, when compared to their respective control group. The CS technique, with blood at room temperature, promoted a feeding rate of 61.4% for Ae. albopictus, 70.8% for Cx. quinquefasciatus and 17% for Ae. aegypti. The control group (Hemotec-feeding) presented 47.9%, 16.5% and 59.1% of feeding success, respectively. To improve the CS technique for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, the procedure was then performed with blood at 38°C, which was possible to observe a feeding rate of 47.3%, in comparison to 53.2% for the control group (Hemotec). When using the CS technique for artificial infection with Mayaro virus, more than 80% of infection was observed for Ae. aegypti and 100% for Ae. albopictus. In the traditional infection technique (glass feeder), the infection rate was 90% (Ae. aegypti) and 96.6% (Ae. albopictus). For Cx. quinquefasciatus, the infection was positive only with the CS technique, resulting in 1 (5%) mosquito infected with Mayaro virus. Our results suggest that this simplified technique of low-cost feeding and easy assembly, offers good results for feeding (maintenance of colonies) and artificial infection of different species of mosquitoes.

中文翻译：

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蚊子的简化人工采血和口腔感染方法

埃及伊蚊，白纹伊蚊和库克斯库克斯蚊等蚊子是许多对人类有极大影响的病原体的媒介。这些蚊子在实验室中的维持允许进行不同的研究，这些研究可以帮助理解它们的生物学以及媒介-病原体的相互作用。除了糖粉外，血液补充对于维持几种载体的生殖周期也至关重要。许多蚊子殖民地的主要血液来源是直接以活体动物为食或通过人工饲养者使用人类/动物的血液。然而，后一种方法具有一些缺点，因为人工进料器在组装和去污方面可能非常费力。基于这些观察，开发了一种简化的喂养和人工感染技术，用浸有棉花的棉垫（CS）和血液或血液和病毒上清液模拟人工感染。通过与喂食/感染的蚊子的对照组相比，研究了CS技术的效率。室温下采血的CS技术促进Ae的摄食率为61.4％。albopictus，Cx为70.8％。quinquefasciatus和Ae的17％。埃及。对照组（Hemotec喂养）分别占喂养成功率的47.9％，16.5％和59.1％。改善Ae的CS技术。埃及蚊，然后在38°C的血液中进行该操作，与对照组（Hemotec）的53.2％相比，可以观察到47.3％的喂养率。当将CS技术用于Mayaro病毒的人工感染时，观察到80％以上的Ae感染。aegypti和Ae为100％。白化病。在传统的感染技术（玻璃饲养器）中，感染率为90％（埃及伊蚊）和96.6％（白纹伊蚊）。对于Cx。quinquefasciatus，仅CS技术感染呈阳性，导致1（5％）蚊子感染了Mayaro病毒。我们的结果表明，这种简化的低成本喂养技术和易于组装的技术，为不同种类蚊子的喂养（菌落的维护）和人工感染提供了良好的效果。对于Cx。quinquefasciatus，仅CS技术感染呈阳性，导致1（5％）蚊子感染了Mayaro病毒。我们的结果表明，这种简化的低成本喂养技术和易于组装的技术，为不同种类蚊子的喂养（菌落的维护）和人工感染提供了良好的效果。对于Cx。quinquefasciatus，仅CS技术感染呈阳性，导致1（5％）蚊子感染了Mayaro病毒。我们的结果表明，这种简化的低成本喂养技术和易于组装的技术，为不同种类蚊子的喂养（菌落的维护）和人工感染提供了良好的效果。