Bacterial metabolites represent an invaluable source of bioactive molecules which can be used as such or serve as chemical frameworks for developing new antimicrobial compounds for various applications including crop protection against pathogens. Prodiginines are tripyrrolic, red-colored compounds produced by many bacterial species. Recently, due to the use of chemical-, bio-, or mutasynthesis, a novel group of prodiginines was generated. In our study, we perform different assays to evaluate the effects of prodigiosin and five derivatives on nematodes and plant pathogenic fungi as well as on plant development. Our results showed that prodigiosin and the derivatives were active against the bacterial feeding nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in a concentration- and derivative-dependent manner while a direct effect on infective juveniles of the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii was observed for prodigiosin only. All compounds were found to be active against the plant pathogenic fungi Phoma lingam and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Efficacy varied depending on compound concentration and chemical structure. We observed that prodigiosin (1), the 12 ring- 9, and hexenol 10 derivatives are neutral or even positive for growth of Arabidopsis thaliana depending on the applied compound concentration, whereas other derivatives appear to be suppressive. Our infection assays revealed that the total number of developed H. schachtii individuals on A. thaliana was decreased to 50% in the presence of compounds 1 or 9. Furthermore, female nematodes and their associated syncytia were smaller in size. Prodiginines seem to indirectly inhibit H. schachtii parasitism of the plant. Further research is needed to elucidate their mode of action. Our results indicate that prodiginines are promising metabolites that have the potential to be developed into novel antinematodal and antifungal agents.

细菌代谢物是生物活性分子的宝贵来源，可以用作生物活性分子或用作开发各种应用新抗微生物化合物的化学框架，包括针对病原体的作物保护。蜂原是许多细菌物种产生的三吡咯，红色化合物。最近，由于使用化学合成，生物合成或突变合成，产生了一组新的蛋白质原。在我们的研究中，我们执行不同的分析方法来评估prodigiosin和五种衍生物对线虫和植物致病真菌以及植物发育的影响。我们的结果表明，prodigiosin及其衍生物对细菌摄食线虫具有活性秀丽隐杆线虫 以浓度和衍生物依赖的方式直接影响植物寄生线虫的感染性幼虫 Schachtii杂种仅观察到prodigiosin。发现所有化合物均对植物病原真菌具有活性Phoma lingam 和 核盘菌核盘菌。功效因化合物浓度和化学结构而异。我们观察到prodigiosin（1个），则12声响 9和己烯醇 10 衍生产品对 拟南芥取决于所施加的化合物浓度，而其他衍生物似乎具有抑制作用。我们的感染检测表明，沙赫氏菌 个人在 拟南芥 在存在化合物的情况下降低到50％ 1个 要么 9。此外，雌性线虫及其相关的合胞体较小。锭蛋白似乎间接抑制沙赫氏菌植物的寄生。需要进一步研究以阐明其作用方式。我们的结果表明，原黄酮是有前途的代谢产物，有潜力被开发成新型的杀线虫药和抗真菌药。