Turbidite-associated black shale of the Semanggol Formation is extensively distributed in the northwestern part of the Western Belt, Peninsular Malaysia. The black shale occurs as a dark grey to black and thick to medium-bedded deposit. It represents the distal part of submarine fan system (outer-fan) overlying interbedded sandstone to shale facies of the mid-fan and conglomeratic pebbly sandstone facies of the inner-fan. Field observations and its widespread occurrence have resulted in the black shale being considered as a potential analog for a source rock in offshore Peninsular Malaysia. The present study includes detailed mineralogical (XRD, SEM, and EDX analysis), inorganic geochemical (major oxides, trace elements TEs, and rare earth elements REEs), and Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses of the black shale samples, collected from the Gunung Semanggol, Bukit Merah, and Nami areas in northwestern Peninsular Malaysia. The primary focus of this study is to investigate the provenance, paleoredox conditions, paleoclimate, sedimentary rate, paleoproductivity, and upwelling system that would be helpful to understanding the role of these parameters in the enrichment of organic matter (OM) in the black shale. The Rock-Eval analysis shows that the black shale of the Semanggol Formation comprises type-III kerogens, which suggests organic input from a terrestrial source. The black shale also contains mature to postmature organic matter. Based on the mineralogical analysis, the mineral composition of the black shale comprises illite and kaolinite, with abundant traces of quartz and feldspar as well as few traces of titanium and zircon. Inorganic geochemical data designate black shale deposition in a passive margin setting that has experienced moderate to strong weathering, semi-arid to hot arid climate, and moderate sedimentation rate. Ratios of Ni/Co, U/Th, and V/(V+Ni) along with slightly negative to positive Ce* anomalies and U_EF-Mo_EF cross-plot unanimously indicate anoxic/dysoxic water conditions that are suitable for organic matter preservation. Geochemical proxies related to modern upwelling settings (i.e., Cd/Mo, Co vs. Mn) show that the deep marine black shale was strongly influenced by persistent upwelling, a first-order controlling factor for organic matter enrichment in the distal part (outer fan of the submarine fan system) of the Semanggol Basin. However, productivity-controlled upwelling and a high sedimentary rate, as well as high-productivity in oxygen-depleted settings without strong anoxic conditions, has played an essential role in the accumulation of organic matter.

中文翻译：

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古半岛，古氧化还原，古生产力/保存对马来西亚半岛Semanggol盆地三叠纪浊积岩黑色页岩有机质富集的影响

Semanggol组的与浊石相关的黑色页岩广泛分布在马来西亚半岛西部带的西北部。黑色页岩为深灰色至黑色，厚至中层沉积。它代表了海底扇系统的远端部分（外扇），它覆盖了层间砂岩到中扇的页岩相和扇内的砾岩卵石砂岩相。野外观察及其广泛的发生已使黑色页岩被认为是马来西亚半岛近海烃源岩的潜在类似物。本研究包括详细的矿物学（XRD，SEM和EDX分析），无机地球化学（主要氧化物，痕量元素TEs和稀土元素REEs）以及黑色页岩样品的岩石评估热解分析，收集自马来西亚西北半岛的Gunung Semanggol，Bukit Merah和Nami地区。这项研究的主要重点是调查物源，古氧化还原条件，古气候，沉积速率，古生产力和上升流系统，这将有助于理解这些参数在黑色页岩中有机质富集中的作用。岩石评估结果表明，Semanggol组的黑色页岩包含III型干酪根，这表明来自陆源的有机物输入。黑色页岩还含有成熟至过早的有机质。根据矿物学分析，黑色页岩的矿物成分包括伊利石和高岭石，并含有丰富的石英和长石痕迹，以及少量的钛和锆石痕迹。无机地球化学数据表明黑页岩的沉积处于被动边缘，经历了中度到强风化，半干旱到热干旱气候以及中等沉积率。Ni / Co，U / Th和V /（V + Ni）的比率，以及Ce *异常和U值从负到正_EF -Mo _EF交叉图一致表明适用于有机物保存的缺氧/缺氧水条件。与现代上升流环境有关的地球化学代理（即Cd / Mo，Co与Mn）表明，深部海相黑色页岩受到持续上升流的强烈影响，持久上升流是远端有机质富集的一级控制因素（外部扇形） Semanggol盆地的潜艇风扇系统）。但是，控制产量的上升流和高沉积速率，以及在缺氧条件下没有强缺氧条件下的高生产率，对有机物的积累起了至关重要的作用。