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Thiopurine Drugs in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: Identification of a Novel Deleterious Mutation in TPMT
Genes ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 , DOI: 10.3390/genes11101212
Pierre-Olivier Harmand 1 , Jérôme Solassol 1, 2
Affiliation  

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Both are characterized by inflammation of part of the digestive tract lining. Azathioprine (AZA) is a well-known immunosuppressant that has been known for many years for its ability to provide long-term disease remission in IBDs, but has important side effects, most of which are related to a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene for thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT), which ensures the degradation and efficacy of AZA. Since a direct correlation between TPMT gene polymorphisms and the haematological toxicity of the AZA treatment has been widely demonstrated, TPMT genotyping has been made necessary prior to any introduction of AZA. The monitoring of thiopurine metabolites presents one of the factors that limit wide adaptation of these thiopurines in clinical practice. Thus, identifying patients with asymmetric metabolism could help clinicians provide an ideal treatment recommendation to improve response and reduce adverse effects. Here, we review the role of AZA in the treatment of IBD and discuss the usefulness of TPMT genotyping to guide clinical decision-making. In addition, we report the identification of a new molecular alteration, never described, TPMT mutation affecting the TPMT activity and responsible for deleterious side effects in a clinical case of a 20-year-old woman patient.

中文翻译:

硫嘌呤药物治疗溃疡性结肠炎:鉴定 TPMT 中的一种新型有害突变

慢性炎症性肠病 (IBD) 包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎。两者的特点是部分消化道内壁发炎。硫唑嘌呤 (AZA) 是一种众所周知的免疫抑制剂,多年来以其在 IBD 中提供长期疾病缓解的能力而闻名,但具有重要的副作用,其中大部分与基因中的单核苷酸多态性有关硫嘌呤甲基转移酶 (TPMT),确保 AZA 的降解和功效。由于 TPMT 基因多态性与 AZA 治疗的血液学毒性之间的直接相关性已被广泛证明,因此在引入任何 AZA 之前必须进行 TPMT 基因分型。硫嘌呤代谢物的监测是限制这些硫嘌呤在临床实践中广泛应用的因素之一。因此,识别代谢不对称的患者可以帮助临床医生提供理想的治疗建议,以提高反应并减少不良反应。在这里,我们回顾了 AZA 在 IBD 治疗中的作用,并讨论了 TPMT 基因分型在指导临床决策方面的有用性。此外,我们报告了一个新的分子改变的鉴定,从未描述过,TPMT 突变会影响 TPMT 活性,并负责一名 20 岁女性患者的临床病例的有害副作用。我们回顾了 AZA 在 IBD 治疗中的作用,并讨论了 TPMT 基因分型在指导临床决策方面的作用。此外,我们报告了一个新的分子改变的鉴定,从未描述过,TPMT 突变会影响 TPMT 活性,并负责一名 20 岁女性患者的临床病例的有害副作用。我们回顾了 AZA 在 IBD 治疗中的作用,并讨论了 TPMT 基因分型在指导临床决策方面的作用。此外,我们报告了一个新的分子改变的鉴定,从未描述过,TPMT 突变会影响 TPMT 活性,并负责一名 20 岁女性患者的临床病例的有害副作用。
更新日期:2020-10-16
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