Citral is a mixture of monoterpenes present in the essential oil of several plants, such as Cymbopogon citratus and Zingiber officinale, possessing anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, and antipyretic actions. We investigated the action of citral on body temperature (Tb) and inflammatory signaling in eutrophic and obese mice during Systemic Inflammation (SI) induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thus, we assessed the effect of citral (25, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and ibuprofen in LPS-induced SI in Swiss male mice fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Following SI induction, we measured Tb and collected the serum, hypothalamus, and gastric mucosa for biochemical measurements. Acute treatment with citral decreased the Tb of both SD and HFD-fed animals. Citral (300 mg/kg) treatment caused a significantly lower Tb variation in HFD-fed animals than in those fed the SD. Citral reduced peripheral levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in SD and HFD mice and decreased serum leptin concentration in HFD mice 90 min after the LPS challenge. Furthermore, citral also reduced interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the hypothalamus of obese mice. In summary, citral effectively reduced Tb during SI by reducing inflammatory mediators with a distinct action profile in HFD mice when compared with SD.

中文翻译：

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LPS诱导的肥胖小鼠全身炎症期间急性柠檬酸治疗的低温治疗：降低血清TNF-α和瘦素水平

柠檬醛是单萜的存在于几种植物，如精油的混合物柠檬草和生姜具有抗炎，抗溃疡和解热作用。我们调查了柠檬醛对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的系统性炎症（SI）期间富营养和肥胖小鼠体温（Tb）和炎症信号的作用。因此，我们在饲喂标准饮食（SD）或高脂饮食（HFD）的瑞士雄性小鼠中，评估了柠檬酸（25、100和300 mg / kg）和布洛芬在LPS诱导的SI中的作用，为期12周。SI诱导后，我们测量Tb并收集血清，下丘脑和胃粘膜用于生化测量。柠檬醛的急性治疗可降低SD和HFD喂养动物的Tb。柠檬醛（300 mg / kg）处理导致HFD喂养的动物的Tb变异明显低于SD喂养的动物。在LPS攻击后90分钟，柠檬醛降低SD和HFD小鼠的肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α的外周水平，并降低HFD小鼠的血清瘦素浓度。此外，柠檬醛还可以降低肥胖小鼠下丘脑中的白介素（IL）-6水平。总之，与SD相比，柠檬醛可通过减少HFD小鼠中具有独特作用谱的炎症介质有效地降低SI期间的Tb。