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The influence of laser beam and high light intensity on lentil (Lens culinaris) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings growth and metabolism
Plant Biosystems ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 , DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2020.1837280
Nisreen A. AL-Quraan 1 , M-Ali H. AL-Akhras 2 , Dua’a Z. Talafha 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Light is considered as an environmental signal that controls plants growth and development. Sufficient duration, quality and wavelength are mainly responsible for switching on/off many physiological processes. The aim of this study was to examine the role of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway specific response in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and lentil (Lens culinaris) seedlings to blue LED laser (intensity= 1.48W/cm2) and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light (intensity= 3.99 W/cm2) treatments separately, with respect to: seed germination, seedling growth, oxidative damage in term of reactive oxygen substances accumulation, GABA accumulation level, total proteins and total carbohydrates level and glutamate decarboxylase gene (GAD) expression. Data showed a remarkable changes in proteins content, carbohydrates content, chlorophyll level, dry and fresh weight, GABA accumulation, MDA level, and GAD m-RNA level under blue LED laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light treatments; separately in the both wheat and lentil cultivars. There were no significant differences of root emergence in all cultivars under all treatments. The concentrations of MDA increased in all cultivars under blue LED laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light treatments with increasing exposure durations. GABA levels increased and correlated significantly in all cultivars as the exposure duration of blue LED laser and high light intensity increased. Significant decrease in chlorophyll a and b contents in Um Qayes, Jordan1 and Jordan2 cultivars under all laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light treatments. A significant difference was found in proteins content in all cultivars in response to laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light treatments. Carbohydrates content in all cultivars used in this study were significantly decreased under laser treatments. The transcription level of GAD increased significantly under blue LED laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light in all cultivars used in this study. GAD expression was high in Hurani75 cultivar in agreement with the low level of GABA accumulation under high intensity invisible ultraviolet light at 60 min which strongly suggested that GABA was catabolized to enter another pathways (C:N balance) that was confirmed by increase in higher level of carbohydrates and proteins beside reduction in MDA content at the same exposure duration. On other hand, GAD expression in Jordan 2 was lower in response to laser treatment under the same exposure duration. The high increase of GAD gene expression explains the high accumulation of GABA level under both treatments. Results indicated that GABA shunt is a key metabolic pathway that allows wheat and lentil to adapt blue LED laser and high intensity invisible ultraviolet light stressful treatments.



中文翻译:

激光束和高光强度对扁豆(Lens culinaris)和小麦(Triticum aestivum)幼苗生长代谢的影响

摘要

光被认为是控制植物生长和发育的环境信号。足够的持续时间、质量和波长主要负责打开/关闭许多生理过程。本研究的目的是检查 γ 氨基丁酸 (GABA) 分流途径特异性反应在小麦 ( Triticum aestivum ) 和小扁豆 ( Lens culinaris ) 幼苗对蓝色 LED 激光 (强度 = 1.48 W/cm 2 ) 和高强度的作用不可见紫外线(强度= 3.99 W/cm 2) 分别处理:种子萌发、幼苗生长、活性氧物质积累方面的氧化损伤、GABA 积累水平、总蛋白质和总碳水化合物水平以及谷氨酸脱羧酶基因 ( GAD ) 表达。数据显示蛋白质含量、碳水化合物含量、叶绿素水平、干鲜重、GABA积累、MDA水平和GAD发生显着变化蓝色 LED 激光和高强度不可见紫外光处理下的 m-RNA 水平;分别在小麦和小扁豆品种中。各处理下各品种根系出现差异不显着。在蓝色 LED 激光和高强度不可见紫外光处理下,所有品种的 MDA 浓度随着暴露时间的增加而增加。随着蓝光 LED 激光的暴露时间和高光强度的增加,所有品种的 GABA 水平都增加并显着相关。叶绿素ab显着减少Um Qayes、Jordan1 和 Jordan2 品种在所有激光和高强度不可见紫外光处理下的含量。在响应激光和高强度不可见紫外光处理的情况下,所有品种的蛋白质含量均存在显着差异。本研究中使用的所有品种的碳水化合物含量在激光处理下均显着降低。在本研究中使用的所有品种中,在蓝色 LED 激光和高强度不可见紫外光下, GAD的转录水平显着增加。GAD在 Hurani75 品种中表达高,这与 60 分钟高强度不可见紫外线下 GABA 积累的低水平一致,这强烈表明 GABA 被分解代谢进入另一个途径(C:N 平衡),这通过较高水平的增加证实除了减少 MDA 含量外,碳水化合物和蛋白质在相同的暴露时间。另一方面,在相同暴露时间下,Jordan 2 中的GAD表达较低,以响应激光治疗。GAD 基因表达的高增加解释了两种处理下 GABA 水平的高积累。结果表明,GABA 分流是小麦和小扁豆适应蓝光 LED 激光和高强度不可见紫外线胁迫处理的关键代谢途径。

更新日期:2020-11-02
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