Electromagnetic (EM) telemetry is one of the key research subjects that has increased application in transmitting real-time data between the borehole and surface during drilling. There are several methods that can be used to model an EM telemetry system, including the method of moments (MoM) and the electric field integral equation method. We have developed a pulse basis function for the MoM, which assists in the analytical estimation of thin wire kernel integrations and avoids singular problems when simulating current distributions. The scattering field is solved using the current distribution. We examine the method using a simple example of vertical drilling. In the model, a vertically placed drill string is driven through a layered earth model. The drill string represents a long, thin wire antenna with a source located near the drill bit. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparing our results to the analytical solution in a half-space model as well as the current distributions along the drill string derived from the proposed method with those derived from a commercial finite-element solver, COMSOL-Multiphysics. Furthermore, the efficiency of this method is demonstrated by comparing its computational costs with those of COMSOL. The simulated EM telemetry in a known geologic setting is then compared with a field data example. These comparisons show that the proposed method is accurate and efficient. Moreover, we develop insights into how the parameters needed for calculations alter current distributions along the drill string and the signal received at the surface. The proposed method is therefore useful for obtaining the optimal design parameters for EM telemetry systems.

中文翻译：

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垂直钻井中的电磁遥测仿真

电磁（EM）遥测技术是在钻孔过程中在井眼与地表之间传输实时数据的日益重要的应用之一。可以使用几种方法对EM遥测系统进行建模，包括矩量法（MoM）和电场积分方程法。我们为MoM开发了基于脉冲的函数，该函数有助于分析细线内核集成，并在模拟电流分布时避免出现奇异问题。使用电流分布求解散射场。我们使用一个简单的垂直钻孔示例来研究该方法。在模型中，垂直放置的钻柱通过分层的地球模型驱动。钻柱代表一根细长的细线天线，其辐射源位于钻头附近。通过将我们的结果与半空间模型中的解析解进行比较，以及将本方法与商用有限元求解器COMSOL-Multiphysics得出的沿钻柱的电流分布进行比较，可以证实该方法的有效性。 。此外，通过将其计算成本与COMSOL的计算成本进行比较，证明了该方法的效率。然后将已知地质环境中的模拟EM遥测与现场数据示例进行比较。这些比较表明，该方法是准确有效的。此外，我们深入了解了计算所需的参数如何改变沿钻柱的电流分布以及在地面接收的信号。因此，提出的方法对于获得EM遥测系统的最佳设计参数很有用。