Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for peripheral immune tolerance and homeostasis, and altered Treg behavior is involved in many pathologies, including autoimmunity and cancer. The expression of the transcription factor FoxP3 in Tregs is fundamental to maintaining their stability and immunosuppressive function. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role that metabolic reprogramming plays in controlling Treg plasticity, stability, and function. In this review, we summarize how the availability and use of various nutrients and metabolites influence Treg metabolic pathways and activity. We also discuss how Treg‐intrinsic metabolic programs define and shape their differentiation, FoxP3 expression, and suppressive capacity. Lastly, we explore how manipulating the regulation of Treg metabolism might be exploited in different disease settings to achieve novel immunotherapies.

中文翻译：

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自身免疫性疾病与癌症相交处的调节性T细胞代谢

调节性T细胞（Tregs）对于外周免疫耐受和体内平衡至关重要，并且改变的Treg行为涉及许多病理，包括自身免疫和癌症。Tregs中转录因子FoxP3的表达对于维持其稳定性和免疫抑制功能至关重要。最近的研究强调了代谢重编程在控制Treg可塑性，稳定性和功能中的关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了各种营养素和代谢物的可用性和使用如何影响Treg代谢途径和活性。我们还将讨论Treg固有的代谢程序如何定义和塑造它们的分化，FoxP3表达和抑制能力。最后，