Pyroclastic strata have always been thought to protect the archaeological remains of the Vesuvian area (Italy), hence allowing their conservation throughout the centuries. In this work, we demonstrate that they constitute a potential threat for the conservation state of the mural paintings of Pompeii. The ions that could be leached from them and the ion‐rich groundwater coming from the volcanic soil/rocks may contribute to salt crystallisation. Thermodynamic modelling not only allowed to predict which salts can precipitate from such leaching events but also assisted the identification of additional sources of sulfates and alkali metals to explain the formation of the sulfates identified in efflorescences from the mural paintings of Pompeii. For the future, fluorine, mainly related to a volcanic origin, can be proposed as a marker to monitor the extent of the impact in the mural paintings of Pompeii in situ.

中文翻译：

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阐明火山碎屑材料在庞贝壁画保存状态中的化学作用

一直以来，热碎屑岩层一直被认为可以保护维苏威地区（意大利）的考古遗迹，因此可以在整个世纪中对其进行保护。在这项工作中，我们证明它们对庞贝壁画的保存状态构成了潜在的威胁。可能从中浸出的离子和来自火山土壤/岩石的富含离子的地下水可能会促进盐的结晶。热力学模型不仅可以预测哪些盐类可能从此类浸出事件中沉淀出来，而且还可以帮助确定硫酸盐和碱金属的其他来源，以解释在庞贝壁画中风化过程中识别出的硫酸盐的形成。未来，氟主要与火山成因有关，