Accomplishing a superior perovskite layer with better morphology, enhanced efficiency, and improved stability is one of the great challenges to researchers. In present work, we incorporated various side chain liquid crystal polymers (SCLCP) as dopants into the perovskite precursor to attain high efficiency and long-term stability of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Incorporation of SCLCP increases the grain size of the crystalline perovskite film by controlled solvent evaporation, decreased the grain boundaries and reduced charge recombination, which decelerates the material degradation. With the SCLCP doping, the PSC power conversion efficiency was expressively enhanced from 17.8% (non-doped) to 19.01% for the doped perovskite film with much improved stability. Furthermore, the atomic force microscopy measurements showed a better surface roughness for doped film by effective passivation of the perovskite grain surfaces. Field emission scanning electron microscope also showed better morphology with reduced grain boundaries. Especially, the SCLCP act as bridge between the crystal grains for efficient charge transfer from perovskite layer towards the electrode, which would moderately illustrate the increased efficiency and stability.

实现具有更好的形态，更高的效率和更高的稳定性的优质钙钛矿层是研究人员面临的重大挑战之一。在目前的工作中，我们将各种侧链液晶聚合物（SCLCP）作为掺杂剂掺入钙钛矿前体中，以实现钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的高效率和长期稳定性。通过控制溶剂的蒸发，SCLCP的加入增加了钙钛矿结晶膜的晶粒尺寸，减小了晶界，减少了电荷复合，从而降低了材料的降解速度。使用SCLCP掺杂后，掺杂钙钛矿薄膜的PSC功率转换效率从17.8％（未掺杂）显着提高到19.01％，稳定性大大提高。此外，原子力显微镜测量表明，通过有效地钝化钙钛矿颗粒表面，可以使掺杂膜具有更好的表面粗糙度。场发射扫描电子显微镜还显示出更好的形态，且晶界减少。特别地，SCLCP充当晶粒之间的桥梁，以实现从钙钛矿层向电极的有效电荷转移，这将适度说明效率和稳定性的提高。