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Mineral chemistry and phase relations of Co–Ni arsenides and sulfarsenides from the Baycheh-Bagh deposit, Zanjan province, Iran
Ore Geology Reviews ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103836
Sayeh Rezazadeh , Mohammad Reza Hosseinzadeh , Johann G. Raith , Mohsen Moayyed

Abstract The polymetallic hydrothermal veins of Baycheh-Bagh deposit in NW Iran occur in quartz-carbonate veins which are hosted by Oligocene to Miocene volcanic (mainly andesite) and volcaniclastic (agglomerate, tuff) rocks unconformably overlying metamorphic basement rocks. Three transitional paragentic stages of hypogene mineralization have been identified. Stage 1 includes base metal (Cu, Zn, Pb) sulfides and gold and is succeeded by Co-Ni-Fe-As minerals and bismuth (Stage 2) and Cu-Bi sulfides/sulfosalts (Stage 3). Stage 2 Ni-Co-Fe mineralization is complex and is subdivided into three substages starting with sulfarsenides (arsenopyrite, alloclasite I, II), followed by native bismuth, triarsenides (skutterudite I, II, III) and diarsenides (rammelsbergite, safflorite) and terminated by sulfarsenides (gersdorffite-cobaltite solid solution, alloclacite III). Skutterudite and alloclasite are present in several generations and preserve delicate growth zoning reflecting a multi-stage episodic growth. The sulfarsenides and arsenides reveal significant substitution of Ni, Co, Fe as well as As and S reflecting compositional changes of the ore forming fluid (e.g., activities of metals, As/S) as well as changes in pH and oxidation state. The mineral assemblages and comparison with similar As-dominated vein-type Ni-Co mineralization elsewhere, collectively referred to as “five element veins”, suggest that the complex arsenide/sulfarsenide assemblages formed at temperatures below 300°C. Baycheh-Bagh can be regarded as a member of this heterogeneous group of Bi-Co-Ni-As deposits. A peculiarity of hydrothermal vein-type mineralization at Baycheh-Bagh is that initial epithermal (?) Cu-(Au-Zn-Pb) mineralization evolved into (Bi)-Co-Ni-As mineralization with time.

中文翻译:

伊朗赞詹省 Baycheh-Bagh 矿床 Co-Ni 砷化物和硫砷化物的矿物化学和相关系

摘要 伊朗西北部Baycheh-Bagh 矿床多金属热液脉产于渐新世至中新世火山岩(主要是安山岩)和火山碎屑岩(团块、凝灰岩)不整合覆盖变质基底岩的石英-碳酸盐岩脉中。已经确定了下成矿化的三个过渡共生阶段。第 1 阶段包括贱金属(Cu、Zn、Pb)硫化物和金,之后是 Co-Ni-Fe-As 矿物和铋(第 2 阶段)和 Cu-Bi 硫化物/硫盐(第 3 阶段)。第 2 阶段 Ni-Co-Fe 矿化很复杂,分为三个亚阶段,从硫砷化物(毒砂、异长石 I、II)开始,然后是天然铋、三砷化物(方钴矿 I、II、III)和二砷化物(菱镁矿、红绿石)和以硫砷化物(gersdorfite-cobaltite 固溶体,异长石 III)。方钴矿和异长石存在于几代中,并保留了反映多阶段偶发生长的微妙生长分区。硫砷​​化物和砷化物显示出 Ni、Co、Fe 以及 As 和 S 的显着取代,反映了成矿流体的成分变化(例如,金属的活性,As/S)以及 pH 值和氧化态的变化。矿物组合以及与其他地方类似的以砷为主的脉型 Ni-Co 矿化(统称为“五元素脉”)的比较表明,复杂的砷化物/硫砷化物组合是在低于 300°C 的温度下形成的。Baycheh-Bagh 可以被视为这个 Bi-Co-Ni-As 矿床的异质组的成员。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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