Engineered culture substrates have proven invaluable for investigating the role of cell and extracellular matrix geometry in governing cell behavior. While the mechanisms relating geometry to phenotype are complex, it is clear that the actin cytoskeleton plays a key role in integrating geometric inputs and transducing these cues into intracellular signals that drive downstream biology. Here, we review recent progress in elucidating the role of the cell and matrix geometry in regulating actin cytoskeletal architecture and mechanics. We address new developments in traditional two-dimensional culture paradigms and discuss efforts to extend these advances to three-dimensional systems, ranging from nanotextured surfaces to microtopographical systems (e.g. channels) to fully three-dimensional matrices.

工程化培养基已被证明对于研究细胞和细胞外基质几何形状在控制细胞行为中的作用非常宝贵。虽然几何与表型相关的机制很复杂，但很明显，肌动蛋白细胞骨架在整合几何输入并将这些线索转化为驱动下游生物学的细胞内信号中起着关键作用。在这里，我们回顾了在阐明细胞和基质几何形状在调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架结构和力学中的作用方面的最新进展。我们解决了传统二维文化范式的新发展，并讨论了将这些进展扩展到三维系统的努力，范围从纳米纹理表面到微地形系统（例如通道）再到全三维矩阵。