Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber is considered as an ideal reinforcing component due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, good toughness and high chemical and wear resistance. However, poor interfacial adhesion with polymer matrices has hindered the development of UHMWPE-based composites with high performance. This review is intended to understand how physical and chemical changes of fiber surface promote the adhesion strengthening mechanisms at the interface and to guide future developments using the presented modifications’ techniques. The review summarized the present state of the art research on surface modification of UHMWPE fiber and UHMWPE/polymer interfacial properties. Various surface modifications of UHMWPE fiber categorized as ‘wet’ chemical and ‘dry’ techniques have been detailed with appropriate examples. Also, the relationship between fiber/matrix adhesion and mechanical properties of the composites has been reviewed. Lastly, an overview of the potential and challenges of each modification method has been discussed.

超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）纤维由于具有高的强度重量比，良好的韧性以及较高的耐化学性和耐磨性，因此被认为是理想的增强组分。然而，与聚合物基体的不良界面粘合性阻碍了高性能的基于UHMWPE的复合材料的开发。这篇综述旨在了解纤维表面的物理和化学变化如何促进界面处的粘合增强机制，并使用提出的改进技术指导未来的发展。综述总结了UHMWPE纤维表面改性和UHMWPE /聚合物界面特性的最新研究进展。UHMWPE纤维的各种表面改性被归类为“湿”化学和“干”技术，并附有适当的例子。也，综述了纤维/基体粘合力与复合材料力学性能之间的关系。最后，讨论了每种修改方法的潜力和挑战。