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An Overview on the Mechanisms of Neuroprotection and Neurotoxicity of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in Experimental Studies
Brain Research Bulletin ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.10.011
Maria-Adriana Neag 1 , Andrei-Otto Mitre 2 , Adrian Catinean 3 , Calin-Iosif Mitre 4
Affiliation  

Since their first use, anaesthetic agents have seen major advancements and are now an indispensable element of surgical procedures. Two of the most used volatile anaesthetics are isoflurane and sevoflurane. These have neuroprotective effects on adult brains in different brain disorders, ranging from traumatic to hypoxic or ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In new-borns and elderly patients these effects are reversed, and volatile anaesthetics might have a neurotoxic effect, affecting the recovery and neurological capabilities of these patients. Since we are still using volatile anaesthetics, it is important to know in which conditions these substances are neurotoxic and neuroprotective, as well as to better understand the mechanisms underlying these effects. In this review we aim to summarise the current knowledge on the mechanisms involved in neuroprotection and neurotoxicity of neonatal, adult and aged brains and how these vary based on the brains age and underlying pathologies. This review should guide future experimental research towards less studied mechanisms and should help the development of neuroprotective strategies. Also, we provide a short summary of the substances used in experimental studies to prevent the neurotoxic effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane.



中文翻译:

实验研究中异氟醚和七氟醚的神经保护和神经毒性机制概述

自首次使用以来,麻醉剂取得了重大进展,现已成为外科手术中不可或缺的元素。两种最常用的挥发性麻醉剂是异氟醚和七氟醚。这些对不同脑部疾病的成人大脑具有神经保护作用,范围从外伤到缺氧或缺血再灌注损伤。在新生儿和老年患者中,这些作用被逆转,挥发性麻醉剂可能具有神经毒性作用,影响这些患者的恢复和神经功能。由于我们仍在使用挥发性麻醉剂,因此了解这些物质在哪些条件下具有神经毒性和神经保护作用以及更好地了解这些作用背后的机制非常重要。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结目前关于新生儿、成人和老年大脑的神经保护和神经毒性机制的知识,以及这些机制如何根据大脑年龄和潜在病理变化而变化。这篇综述应该引导未来的实验研究转向研究较少的机制,并应该有助于神经保护策略的发展。此外,我们还简要总结了实验研究中用于防止异氟醚和七氟醚神经毒性作用的物质。

更新日期:2020-11-03
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