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Low crude protein diets for broiler chickens aged 8 to 21 days should have a 50% essential-to-total nitrogen ratio
Animal Feed Science and Technology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114709
Rosana C. Maia , Luiz F.T. Albino , Horácio S. Rostagno , Maurílio L. Xavier Junior , Bruna S. Kreuz , Raully L. Silva , Bruno D. Faria , Arele A. Calderano

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of essential-to-total nitrogen (eN-to-tN) ratios supplemented with nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) in low-protein diets on the performance, nitrogen retention and blood parameters of broiler chickens from 8 day to 21 day posthatch. A total of 300 male Cobb® 500 chickens were weighed and allocated to one of six dietary treatments with 10 replicate pens in a completely randomized experimental design. The treatments were: T1, a control with 222.5 g/kg crude protein (CP) and a 47 % eN-to-tN ratio; T2, 190 g/kg CP and a 56 % eN-to-tN ratio; T3, 190 g/kg CP +12.01 g/kg of a NEAA mixture and a 53 % eN-to-tN ratio; T4, 190 g/kg CP +25.16 g/kg of an NEAA mixture and a 50 % eN-to-tN ratio; T5, 190 g/kg CP +39.99 g/kg of an NEAA mixture and a 47 % eN-to-tN ratio; and T6, 190 g/kg CP +56.83 g/kg of an NEAA mixture and a 44 % eN-to-tN ratio. The NEAA mixture consisted of alanine, glycine and glutamic acid (20:20:60). Performance was measured at 21 day. From 14 day to 21 day, excreta were collected to calculate nitrogen utilization. At 21 day, blood was collected from the wing vein to quantify uric acid, total protein, albumin and globulin and to evaluate nitrogen utilization. The data were analyzed using a Dunnett test, and the growth performance and blood parameters of the five progressive treatment levels were assessed using the linear response plateau (LRP) and quadratic broken line (QBL) models to estimate requirements. Birds fed diets with a 56 % eN-to-tN ratio exhibited a lower final body weight (FBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than birds fed the control diet, whereas birds fed a diet with a 53 % eN-to-tN ratio only had a lower FCR. The LRP for FBW, body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and FCR showed an Xplat very close to a 50 % eN-to-tN ratio. Despite their good performance, animals fed diets with 47 % and 44 % eN-to-tN ratios were less efficient in terms of nitrogen utilization than birds fed a diet with a 50 % eN-to-tN. Thus, to maintain broiler performance and efficient nitrogen metabolism, low CP diets should possess an eN-to-tN ratio of 50 % or less.

中文翻译:

8 至 21 日龄肉鸡的低粗蛋白日粮应具有 50% 的必需氮与总氮之比

摘要 本研究的目的是评估在低蛋白日粮中补充非必需氨基酸 (NEAAs) 的必需氮与总氮 (eN-tN) 比率对肉鸡生产性能、氮保留和血液参数的影响。孵化后第 8 天至第 21 天的鸡。在完全随机的实验设计中,总共有 300 只雄性 Cobb® 500 鸡被称重并分配到六种饮食处理中的一种,其中有 10 个重复围栏。处理为: T1,具有 222.5 g/kg 粗蛋白 (CP) 和 47% eN 与 tN 比率的对照;T2,190 g/kg CP 和 56% 的 eN 与 tN 的比率;T3,190 g/kg CP + 12.01 g/kg NEAA 混合物和 53% 的 eN 与 tN 比;T4,190 g/kg CP + 25.16 g/kg NEAA 混合物和 50% 的 eN 与 tN 比;T5,190 g/kg CP + 39.99 g/kg NEAA 混合物和 47% 的 eN 与 tN 的比例;和 T6,190 g/kg CP +56。83 g/kg 的 NEAA 混合物和 44% 的 eN 与 tN 比。NEAA 混合物由丙氨酸、甘氨酸和谷氨酸 (20:20:60) 组成。在第 21 天测量性能。从第 14 天到第 21 天,收集排泄物以计算氮利用率。在第 21 天,从翼静脉收集血液以量化尿酸、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白并评估氮利用。使用 Dunnett 检验分析数据,并使用线性响应平台 (LRP) 和二次折线 (QBL) 模型评估五个渐进治疗水平的生长性能和血液参数以估计需求。饲喂 eN 与 tN 比率为 56% 的日粮的家禽与饲喂对照日粮的家禽相比,其最终体重 (FBW) 和饲料转化率 (FCR) 更低,而饲喂 eN 与 tN 比率为 53% 的日粮的鸡只具有较低的 FCR。FBW、体重增加 (BWG)、采食量 (FI) 和 FCR 的 LRP 显示 Xplat 非常接近 50% eN 与 tN 的比率。尽管它们的性能良好,但饲喂 47% 和 44% eN 与 tN 比率日粮的动物在氮利用方面的效率低于饲喂 50% eN 与 tN 日粮的鸟类。因此,为了保持肉鸡生产性能和有效的氮代谢,低 CP 日粮应具有 50% 或更低的 eN 与 tN 比率。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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