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Reduced tillage with residue retention and nitrogen application rate increase N2O fluxes from irrigated wheat in a subtropical floodplain soil
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2020.107194
M.M.R. Jahangir , R. Begum , M. Jahiruddin , K. Dawar , M. Zaman , R.W. Bell , K.G. Richards , C. Müller

Abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were measured in irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum) in an annual wheat- mungbean (Vigna radiata)-rice (Oryza sativa L) rotation that had been running for seven consecutive years. Effect of two soil disturbance levels (strip vs. conventional tillage; ST vs. CT both with 30 % residue retention) and three nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (60, 100 and 140 % of the recommended N fertilizer dose, RD; called hereafter 60RD, 100RD and 140RD, respectively) were assessed. Mean N2O fluxes were about 110 % higher in ST than in CT. The rate of N fertilizer application influenced the mean and cumulative N2O fluxes with significantly higher fluxes in ST than in CT. Based on the respective maximum grain yields (CT: 140RD, 3.52 t ha−1; ST: 60RD, 3.19 t ha−1) yield-scaled N2O emissions were higher in ST than those in CT. However, tillage vs. N rate interactions showed both the highest and lowest yield-scaled N2O fluxes in ST with 140RD and 60RD, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), organic carbon (SOC), total N (TN), nitrate (NO3- -N), aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) and larger aggregate size classes (2.0‒0.85 and >2.0 mm) were significantly higher in ST and positively correlated with N2O fluxes. Our results highlight that, despite increased N2O emissions, ST with residue can trade-off emissions to improve soil macro aggregation, C sequestration and retention of N and crop yield with the lower N fertilizer and other energy inputs. Reduction of the recommended N fertilization rate could be considered if ST is adopted.

中文翻译:

减少耕作与残留物保留和施氮量增加了亚热带漫滩土壤中灌溉小麦的 N2O 通量

摘要 在连续七年运行的小麦-绿豆(Vigna radiata)-水稻(Oryza sativa L)年轮作中,测量了灌溉小麦(Triticum aestivum)的一氧化二氮(N2O)排放量。两种土壤干扰水平(条带与常规耕作;ST 与 CT 均具有 30% 的残留保留)和三种氮 (N) 施肥量(推荐氮肥剂量的 60、100 和 140%,RD;以下称为)的影响60RD、100RD 和 140RD)进行了评估。ST 中的平均 N2O 通量比 CT 中高约 110%。氮肥施用率影响平均和累积 N2O 通量,ST 中的通量显着高于 CT。基于各自的最大谷物产量(CT:140RD,3.52 t ha-1;ST:60RD,3.19 t ha-1),按产量计算的 N2O 排放量在 ST 中高于 CT。然而,耕作与 N 速率的相互作用显示了 ST 中最高和最低的 N2O 通量,分别为 140RD 和 60RD。土壤微生物生物量碳 (MBC)、有机碳 (SOC)、总氮 (TN)、硝酸盐 (NO3- -N)、聚集体平均重量直径 (MWD) 和较大的聚集体尺寸等级(2.0-0.85 和 >2.0 mm)分别为ST 中显着更高,并且与 N2O 通量呈正相关。我们的结果强调,尽管 N2O 排放量增加,但含有残留物的 ST 可以权衡排放,以改善土壤宏观聚集、碳的固存和氮的保留,以及使用较低的氮肥和其他能源投入的作物产量。如果采用 ST,可以考虑降低推荐的施氮量。土壤微生物生物量碳 (MBC)、有机碳 (SOC)、总氮 (TN)、硝酸盐 (NO3- -N)、聚集体平均重量直径 (MWD) 和较大的聚集体尺寸等级(2.0-0.85 和 >2.0 mm)分别为ST 中显着更高,并且与 N2O 通量呈正相关。我们的结果强调,尽管 N2O 排放量增加,但含有残留物的 ST 可以权衡排放,以改善土壤宏观聚集、碳的固存和氮的保留,以及使用较低的氮肥和其他能源投入的作物产量。如果采用 ST,可以考虑降低推荐的施氮量。土壤微生物生物量碳 (MBC)、有机碳 (SOC)、总氮 (TN)、硝酸盐 (NO3- -N)、聚集体平均重量直径 (MWD) 和较大的聚集体尺寸等级(2.0-0.85 和 >2.0 mm)分别为ST 中显着更高,并且与 N2O 通量呈正相关。我们的结果强调,尽管 N2O 排放量增加,但含有残留物的 ST 可以权衡排放,以改善土壤宏观聚集、碳的固存和氮的保留,以及使用较低的氮肥和其他能源投入的作物产量。如果采用 ST,可以考虑降低推荐的施氮量。我们的结果强调,尽管 N2O 排放量增加,但含有残留物的 ST 可以权衡排放,以改善土壤宏观聚集、碳的固存和氮的保留,以及使用较低的氮肥和其他能源投入的作物产量。如果采用 ST,可以考虑降低推荐的施氮量。我们的结果强调,尽管 N2O 排放量增加,但含有残留物的 ST 可以权衡排放,以改善土壤宏观聚集、碳的固存和氮的保留,以及使用较低的氮肥和其他能源投入的作物产量。如果采用 ST,可以考虑降低推荐的施氮量。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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