Live imaging allows observations of cell structures and processes in real time, to monitor dynamic changes within living organisms compared to fixed organisms. Fluorescence microscopy was used to monitor the dynamic infection process of the nematode parasitic bacterium Pasteuria sp. and the sugarcane root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus zeae. Under fluorescence microscopy, green-autofluorescent globules were observed in live control and Pasteuria sp.-infected nematodes. Only nematodes killed by Pasteuria sp. or heat treated displayed a diffuse pattern of autofluorescence. Propidium iodide (PI), used as a cell membrane integrity indicator, confirmed that the nematode's cuticle acts as an impermeable barrier. PI stained cells/DNA of heat-treated control and Pasteuria sp.-infected P. zeae. PI as a counterstain facilitated the location of Pasteuria endospores on the cuticle surface of P. zeae. No PI staining was observed in sporangia and in endospores within the nematode body. However, PI specifically stained endospores on the cuticle surface and within the cuticle carcass showing, in mature propagules, a ring-like pattern. Live imaging, combined with fluorescence microscopy and fluorescent dyes such as PI, appears useful in live studies on plant nematode interactions with nematophagous bacteria.

中文翻译：

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碘化丙啶可在荧光显微镜下对巴斯德氏菌属 - Pratylenchus zeae 感染研究进行实时成像

实时成像允许实时观察细胞结构和过程，与固定生物体相比，监测生物体内的动态变化。荧光显微镜用于监测线虫寄生细菌巴斯德氏菌的动态感染过程。和甘蔗根病线虫Pratylenchus zeae。在荧光显微镜下，在活对照和巴斯德氏菌感染的线虫中观察到绿色自发荧光小球。只有被巴斯德氏菌杀死的线虫。或热处理显示自发荧光的扩散模式。用作细胞膜完整性指示剂的碘化丙啶 (PI) 证实线虫的角质层充当了不可渗透的屏障。PI 染色的细胞/DNA 热处理的对照和巴斯德氏菌感染的 P. zeae。PI 作为复染剂促进了巴斯德氏菌内生孢子在 P. zeae 表皮表面的定位。在孢子囊和线虫体内的内生孢子中未观察到 PI 染色。然而，PI 特异性染色表皮表面和表皮尸体内的内生孢子，在成熟的繁殖体中显示出环状图案。实时成像与荧光显微镜和荧光染料（如 PI）相结合，在植物线虫与食线虫细菌相互作用的实时研究中似乎很有用。