We aimed to verify whether (i) biochar-compost application improves plant growth when compared with compost application alone and (ii) a diversity of biochar caused by feedstock type and carbonization temperature affects the extent of plant growth. We prepared six types of biochar from larch (Larix kaempferi Sarg.) and dairy manure at 300 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C for 1 h. Compost was applied as control, and each biochar was co-applied with compost to oat plants (Avena sativa L.). The total nitrogen input of all the seven treatments was adjusted to the same level to assess their effects on plant nitrogen uptake and nitrogen content. Compared with the control, biomass production increased from 13.1 to 34.0% with the wood biochar application and from 39.7 to 64.2% with manure biochar application because of more mineralization of compost and nitrogen fixation through rhizobacteria and/or diazotrophic endophytes. The diversity of biochar caused a difference in the extent of oat growth, and feedstock type of biochar was a more dominant factor than carbonization temperature. Due to the favorable chemical properties of manure biochar like high pH and more labile-C and -N content, the manure biochar application increased average biomass production by 26.0% compared with the wood biochar application. The carbonization temperature had no significant impact on oat growth, but the optimal temperature was indicated as approximately 450 °C. Biochar diversity causes a difference in plant growth in biochar-compost application, and the selection of appropriate biochar, such as manure biochar at 450 °C, would be a guideline for achieving a robust crop production system.

中文翻译：

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不同原料类型和生物炭炭化温度对燕麦生长和与堆肥共施氮吸收的影响

我们旨在验证 (i) 与单独施用堆肥相比，生物炭-堆肥施用是否能改善植物生长，以及 (ii) 由原料类型和碳化温度引起的生物炭多样性是否会影响植物生长的程度。我们从落叶松 (Larix kaempferi Sarg.) 和奶牛粪中在 300 °C、450 °C 和 600 °C 下制备了六种类型的生物炭 1 小时。使用堆肥作为对照，将每种生物炭与堆肥共同应用于燕麦植物 (Avena sativa L.)。将所有七个处理的总氮输入调整到相同水平，以评估它们对植物氮吸收和氮含量的影响。与对照相比，使用木质生物炭，生物质产量从 13.1% 增加到 34.0%，从 39.7% 增加到 64%。2% 使用粪便生物炭，因为通过根际细菌和/或固氮内生菌使堆肥矿化和固氮更多。生物炭的多样性导致燕麦生长程度的差异，生物炭的原料类型是比碳化温度更主导的因素。由于粪便生物炭的有利化学性质，如高 pH 值和更多不稳定的 C 和 -N 含量，与木材生物炭的应用相比，粪便生物炭的平均生物质产量增加了 26.0%。炭化温度对燕麦的生长没有显着影响，但最佳温度约为450°C。生物炭多样性导致生物炭-堆肥应用中植物生长的差异，以及选择合适的生物炭，例如 450 °C 的粪便生物炭，