The use of pesticides in agriculture has always had a strong impact on environmental contamination. Since the 1990s, neonicotinoids have grown increasingly more popular, targeting specific receptors for insects, especially bees, which is why the use of some neonicotinoids has been banned. Much is known about the effects they have on insects, but very little about the effect they can have on non-target organisms. Several studies have shown how these neonicotinoids interact negatively with the normal physiology of aquatic organisms. For the genus Mytilus, even though the neonicotinoids did not show an interaction with specific receptors, a chronic and acute exposure to them causes damage. In these animals, a reduced production of byssus, alteration of the normal antioxidant systems and tissue damage have been found. Therefore, an analysis of the entire ecosystem in which the pollutant enters is of great importance in evaluating any possible alterations.

中文翻译：

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新烟碱类对水生无脊椎动物的影响—盖洛氏Mytilus的体外研究：综述

农业中农药的使用一直对环境污染产生重大影响。自1990年代以来，新烟碱类已越来越流行，其针对昆虫（尤其是蜜蜂）的特定受体，这就是为什么禁止使用某些新烟碱类的原因。人们对它们对昆虫的影响知之甚少，但对非目标生物的影响却知之甚少。多项研究表明，这些新烟碱类物质如何与水生生物的正常生理产生消极相互作用。对于Mytilus属，即使新烟碱类药物并未显示出与特定受体的相互作用，长期和急性接触也会造成损害。在这些动物中，已经发现减少的脓疱，正常的抗氧化系统改变和组织损伤。因此，分析污染物进入的整个生态系统对于评估任何可能的变化都非常重要。