Simple climate models (SCMs) are computationally efficient and capable of emulating global mean output of more complex Earth system models (ESMs). In doing so, SCMs can play a critical role in climate research as stand‐ins for the computationally more expensive models, especially in studies involving low, spatial, and/or temporal resolution, providing more computationally efficient sources of climate data. Here we use Hector v2.5.0 to emulate the multiforcing historical and RCP scenario output for 31 concentration and seven emission‐driven ESMs. When calibrating Hector, sufficient calibration data must be used to constrain the model; otherwise, climate and/or carbon parameters affecting physical processes may be able to trade off with one another, allowing for solutions to use physically unreasonable fitted parameter values as well as limiting the application of the SCM as an emulator. We also present a novel methodology that uses the ESM range as a calibration data, which can be adopted when faced with missing variable output from a specific model.

中文翻译：

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将简单的气候模型校准为各个地球系统模型：校准赫克托的经验教训

简单气候模型（SCM）计算效率高，能够模拟更复杂的地球系统模型（ESM）的全球平均产出。这样一来，SCM可以在气候研究中扮演重要角色，成为计算上更昂贵的模型的替身，尤其是在涉及低，空间和/或时间分辨率的研究中，可以提供更有效的气候数据源。在这里，我们使用Hector v2.5.0来模拟针对31个集中和7个排放驱动的ESM的多强迫历史和RCP方案输出。校准赫克托时，必须使用足够的校准数据来约束模型。否则，影响物理过程的气候和/或碳参数可能会相互取舍，允许解决方案使用物理上不合理的拟合参数值，并限制SCM作为仿真器的应用。我们还提出了一种使用ESM范围作为校准数据的新颖方法，当面对特定模型的缺失变量输出时可以采用该方法。