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Visual similarity and psychological closeness are neurally dissociable in the brain response to vicarious pain
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.028
Silvio Ionta 1 , Marcello Costantini 2 , Antonio Ferretti 3 , Gaspare Galati 4 , Gian Luca Romani 5 , Salvatore M Aglioti 6
Affiliation  

Personal and vicarious experience of pain activate partially overlapping brain networks. This brain activity is further modulated by low- and high-order factors, e.g., the perceived intensity of the model's pain and the model's similarity with the onlooker, respectively. We investigated which specific aspect of similarity modulates such empathic reactivity, focusing on the potential differentiation between visual similarity and psychological closeness between the onlooker and different types of models. To this aim, we recorded fMRI data in neurotypical participants who observed painful and tactile stimuli delivered to an adult human hand, a baby human hand, a puppy dog paw, and an anthropomorphic robotic hand. The interaction between type of vicarious experience (pain, touch) and nature of model (adult, baby, dog, robot) showed that the right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG) was selectively active for visual similarity (more active during vicarious pain for the adult and baby models), while the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was more sensitive to psychological closeness (specifically linked to vicarious pain for the baby model). These findings indicate that visual similarity and psychological closeness between onlooker and model differentially affect the activity of brain regions specifically implied in encoding interindividual sharing of sensorimotor and affective aspects of vicarious pain, respectively.



中文翻译:

视觉相似性和心理亲密性在大脑对替代性疼痛的反应中在神经上是分离的

痛苦的个人和替代经历会激活部分重叠的大脑网络。这种大脑活动受到低阶和高阶因素的进一步调节,例如,模型疼痛的感知强度以及模型与旁观者的相似性。我们研究了相似性的哪个具体方面调节了这种共鸣反应,着眼于旁观者和不同类型的模型之间的视觉相似性和心理亲和力之间的潜在差异。为此,我们在神经型参与者中记录了fMRI数据,这些参与者观察到传递给成人手,婴儿人手,小狗爪和拟人化机器人手的疼痛和触觉刺激。替代体验类型(疼痛,触觉)与模型性质(成人,婴儿,狗,机器人)显示右上颌上回(rSMG)有选择性地激活视觉相似性(成人和婴儿模型在替代性疼痛期间更活跃),而前扣带回皮层(ACC)对心理亲密性更敏感(具体与替代性相关)婴儿模型的疼痛)。这些发现表明,旁观者和模型之间的视觉相似性和心理亲密性差异地影响大脑区域的活动,这分别隐含在编码感觉运动和替代性疼痛的情感方面的个体共享方面。而前扣带回皮质(ACC)对心理亲密感更敏感(具体与婴儿模型的替代性疼痛有关)。这些发现表明,旁观者和模型之间的视觉相似性和心理亲密性差异地影响大脑区域的活动,这分别隐含在编码感觉运动和替代性疼痛的情感方面的个体共享方面。而前扣带回皮质(ACC)对心理亲密感更敏感(具体与婴儿模型的替代性疼痛有关)。这些发现表明,旁观者和模型之间的视觉相似性和心理亲密性差异地影响大脑区域的活动,这分别隐含在编码感觉运动和替代性疼痛的情感方面的个体共享方面。

更新日期:2020-11-04
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