Asphalt concretes are biphasic systems, with a predominant phase (c.a. 93–96% w/w) made by the macro-meter sized inorganic aggregates hold together by small amounts of a viscoelastic binding bitumen (c.a. 5%). Even if the bitumen is in minor amount, it plays an important role dictating all the desired properties: rheological performances, resistance to aging etc. What happens if nanoparticles are used as additive in such materials? They usually confer enhanced resistance under mechanical stress and give sometimes interesting added-values properties so, despite the high costs of their production, nanoparticles are interesting materials which are being monitored for large scales applications. This work introduces the reader to the properties of nanoparticles in an easy to review their use in bitumen and asphalt preparation. Silica, ceramic, clay, other oxides and inorganic nanoparticles are presented and critically discussed in the framework of their use in bitumen and asphalt preparation for various scopes. Organic and functionalized nanoparticles are likewise discussed. Perspectives and cost analysis are also given for a more complete view of the problematic, hoping this could help researchers in their piloted design of material for road pavements with ever-increasing performances.

沥青混凝土是双相系统，具有主要相（约93–96％w/ w）是由大尺寸的无机聚集体通过少量的粘弹性粘结沥青（ca 5％）粘结在一起的。即使沥青含量很少，它也起着决定所有所需性能的重要作用：流变性能，耐老化性等。如果在这些材料中使用纳米颗粒作为添加剂会发生什么？它们通常在机械应力下具有增强的抵抗力，并有时具有令人感兴趣的附加值特性，因此，尽管其生产成本很高，但纳米颗粒还是令人关注的材料，目前正在大规模应用中受到监控。这项工作向读者介绍了纳米颗粒的性质，并易于回顾它们在沥青和沥青制备中的用途。二氧化硅，陶瓷，黏土，本文介绍了其他氧化物和无机纳米颗粒，并对其在各种范围的沥青和沥青制备中的使用进行了严格的讨论。同样讨论了有机和官能化的纳米颗粒。还提供了观点和成本分析，可以更全面地了解问题所在，希望这可以帮助研究人员在性能不断提高的道路路面材料试验设计中发挥作用。