In the last 25 years, much progress has been made producing and controlling Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and degenerate Fermi gases. The advances in trapping, cooling, and tuning the interparticle interactions in these cold atom systems lead to an unprecedented amount of control that one can exert over them. This work aims to show that knowledge acquired studying cold atom systems can be applied to other fields that share similarities and analogies with them, provided that the differences are also known and taken into account. We focus on two specific fields: nuclear physics and statistical optics. The nuclear physics discussion occurs with the BCS-BEC crossover in mind, in which we compare cold Fermi gases with nuclear and neutron matter and nuclei. We connect BECs and atom lasers through both systems’ matter-wave character for the analogy with statistical optics. Finally, we present some challenges that, if solved, would increase our understanding of cold atom systems and, thus, the related areas.

中文翻译：

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超越原子物理的冷原子

在过去的 25 年中，在生产和控制玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 (BEC) 和简并费米气体方面取得了很大进展。在这些冷原子系统中捕获、冷却和调整粒子间相互作用的进步导致人们可以对它们施加前所未有的控制量。这项工作旨在表明，研究冷原子系统所获得的知识可以应用于与它们有相似之处和相似之处的其他领域，前提是也知道并考虑到这些差异。我们专注于两个特定领域：核物理和统计光学。核物理讨论发生在 BCS-BEC 交叉时，我们将冷费米气体与核、中子物质和原子核进行比较。我们通过两个系统的物质波特性将 BEC 和原子激光器连接起来，以与统计光学进行类比。最后，我们提出了一些挑战，如果解决这些挑战，将增加我们对冷原子系统以及相关领域的理解。