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The Complete Redshift Distribution of Dusty Star-forming Galaxies from the SPT-SZ Survey
The Astrophysical Journal ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 , DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb599
C. Reuter 1 , J. D. Vieira 1, 2, 3 , J. S. Spilker 4 , A. Weiss 5 , M. Aravena 6 , M. Archipley 1 , M. Bthermin 7 , S. C. Chapman 8, 9, 10 , C. De Breuck 11 , C. Dong 12 , W. B. Everett 13 , J. Fu 1 , T. R. Greve 14, 15 , C. C. Hayward 16 , R. Hill 8 , Y. Hezaveh 16, 17 , S. Jarugula 1 , K. Litke 18 , M. Malkan 19 , D. P. Marrone 18 , D. Narayanan 15, 20, 21 , K. A. Phadke 1 , A. A. Stark 22 , M. L. Strandet 5
Affiliation  

The South Pole Telescope (SPT) has systematically identified 81 high-redshift, strongly gravitationally lensed, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) in a 2500 square degree cosmological mm-wave survey. We present the final spectroscopic redshift survey of this flux-limited ($S_{870\, \mathrm{\mu m}} > 25\, \mathrm{mJy}$) sample, initially selected at $1.4$ mm. The redshift survey was conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array across the $3$ mm spectral window, targeting carbon monoxide line emission. By combining these measurements with ancillary data, the SPT sample is now spectroscopically complete, with redshifts spanning $1.9$$<$$z$$<$$6.9$ and a median of $z=3.9 \pm 0.2$. We present the mm through far-infrared photometry and spectral energy density fits for all sources, along with their inferred intrinsic properties. Comparing the properties of the SPT sources to the unlensed DSFG population, we demonstrate that the SPT-selected DSFGs represent the most extreme infrared-luminous galaxies, even after accounting for strong gravitational lensing. The SPT sources have a median star formation rate of $2.3(2)\times 10^3\, \mathrm{M_\odot yr^{-1}}$ and a median dust mass of $1.4(1)\times10^9\, \mathrm{M_\odot}$. However, the inferred gas depletion timescales of the SPT sources are comparable to those of unlensed DSFGs, once redshift is taken into account. This SPT sample contains roughly half of the known spectroscopically confirmed DSFGs at $z$$>$$5$, making this the largest sample of high-redshift DSFGs to-date, and enabling the "high-redshift tail" of extremely luminous DSFGs to be measured. Though galaxy formation models struggle to account for the SPT redshift distribution, the larger sample statistics from this complete and well-defined survey will help inform future theoretical efforts.

中文翻译:

来自 SPT-SZ 巡天的尘埃恒星形成星系的完整红移分布

南极望远镜 (SPT) 在 2500 平方度的宇宙毫米波调查中系统地确定了 81 个高红移、强引力透镜、尘土飞扬的恒星形成星系 (DSFG)。我们展示了这个通量受限 ($S_{870\, \mathrm{\mu m}} > 25\, \mathrm{mJy}$) 样本的最终光谱红移调查,最初选择为 $1.4$ mm。红移调查是使用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列在 3 美元毫米光谱窗口上进行的,目标是一氧化碳线发射。通过将这些测量结果与辅助数据相结合,SPT 样本现在在光谱上是完整的,红移范围为 $1.9$$<$$z$$<$$6.9$,中位数为 $z=3.9\pm 0.2$。我们通过远红外光度法和适合所有来源的光谱能量密度来呈现毫米,以及它们推断的内在特性。将 SPT 源的特性与无透镜的 DSFG 群体进行比较,我们证明了 SPT 选择的 DSFG 代表了最极端的红外发光星系,即使在考虑了强引力透镜之后也是如此。SPT 源的恒星形成率中位数为 $2.3(2)\times 10^3\, \mathrm{M_\odot yr^{-1}}$ 和尘埃质量中位数为 $1.4(1)\times10^9\ , \mathrm{M_\odot}$。然而,一旦考虑到红移,推测的 SPT 源的气体消耗时间尺度与未透镜的 DSFG 的气体消耗时间尺度相当。该 SPT 样本包含大约一半的已知光谱确认的 DSFG,价格为 $z$$>$5$,使其成为迄今为止最大的高红移 DSFG 样本,并使极亮 DSFG 的“高红移尾”能够被测量。
更新日期:2020-10-14
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