Long-term poplar phytoremediation data are lacking, especially for ecosystem services throughout rotations. We tested for rotation-age differences in biomass productivity and carbon storage of clones Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh × P. nigra L. ‘DN34′ and P. nigra × P. maximowiczii A. Henry ‘NM6′ grown for landfill phytoremediation in Rhinelander, WI, USA (45.6° N, 89.4° W). We evaluated tree height and diameter, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ), and phytoaccumulation and phytoextraction of carbon, nitrogen, and inorganic pollutants in leaves, boles, and branches. We measured specific gravity and fiber composition, and determined biofuels recalcitrance of the Rhinelander landfill trees versus these genotypes that were grown for biomass production on an agricultural site in Escanaba, MI, USA (45.8° N, 87.2° W). ‘NM6′ exhibited 3.4 times greater biomass productivity and carbon storage than ‘DN34′, yet both of the clones had similar Δ, which differed for tree age rather than genotype. Phytoaccumulation and phytoextraction were clone- and tissue-specific. ‘DN34′ generally had higher pollutant concentrations. Across contaminants, stand-level mean annual uptake was 28 to 657% greater for ‘NM6′, which indicated its phytoremediation superiority. Site-related factors (not genotypic effects) governed bioconversion potential. Rhinelander phytoremediation trees exhibited 15% greater lignin than Escanaba biomass trees, contributing to 46% lower glucose yield for Rhinelander trees.

中文翻译：

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杨树用于垃圾掩埋植物修复的生态系统服务，生理和生物燃料抑制

缺乏长期的杨树植物修复数据，尤其是对于整个轮换期间的生态系统服务而言。我们测试了克隆Populus deltoides Bartr的生物量生产力和碳存储的轮换年龄差异。ex Marsh× P. nigra L.'DN34'和P. nigra × P. maximowicziiA. Henry'NM6'在美国威斯康星州的莱茵兰德市进行填埋场植物修复生长（北纬45.6°，西经89.4°）。我们评估了树的高度和直径，碳同位素的分辨力（Δ）以及叶片，树干和树枝中碳，氮和无机污染物的植物累积和植物提取。我们测量了比重和纤维成分，并确定了莱茵兰德垃圾填埋场树木的生物燃料抗性与这些基因型的差异，这些基因型是在美国密歇根州埃斯卡纳巴的一个农业场所（北纬45.8°，北纬87.2°）种植的用于生物量生产的基因型。'NM6'展示的生物量生产力和碳储量是'DN34'的3.4倍，但两个克隆的Δ相似，但因树龄而不是基因型而异。植物积累和植物提取是克隆和组织特异性的。“ DN34”通常具有较高的污染物浓度。在各种污染物中，“ NM6”的标准水平年平均吸收量增加了28％至657％，这表明其在植物修复方面的优越性。位点相关因素（不是基因型效应）支配着生物转化的潜力。莱茵兰植物修复树的木质素比埃斯卡纳巴生物量树高15％，这使莱茵兰树的葡萄糖产量降低了46％。