ABSTRACT This study was conducted to test the effects of maternal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) supplementation on serum parameters, intestinal morphology and microbiota in suckling piglets. The experiment started on day 107 of gestation and lasted until piglets were weaned on day 21 of lactation. Thirty-two sows were allocated randomly to two treatments (ND diet, basal diet with 2000 IU/kg of vitamin D3; 25-D diet, basal diet with 50 μg/kg 25OHD3). Results showed that maternal 25-D treatment increased (p < 0.05) serum 25OHD3 concentration in the umbilical cords, which led to higher (p < 0.05) serum 25OHD3 concentration of suckling piglets from 25-D sows. The GSH-Px activity in colostrum was higher (p < 0.05), as well as SOD and GSH-Px activities in milk, were higher (p < 0.05) in 25-D sows than ND sows. Compared with piglets suckling ND sows, piglets suckling 25-D sows had higher (p < 0.05) serum SOD activity on day 7, 14 and 21 of lactation. On day 21 of lactation, piglets form 25-D sows had greater (p < 0.05) serum levels of GH and IGF-I and lower (p < 0.05) serum DAO activity than those from ND sows. Piglets from 25-D sows had higher (p < 0.05) jejunal villus height than those from ND sows. Feeding 25OHD3 to sows tended to increase (p < 0.10) the species richness in the colonic digesta of suckling piglets, as reflected by the α-diversity index of Chao-1. In the caecal digesta, the α-diversity for bacterial community analysis of Simpson and Shannon was lower (p < 0.05) in 25-D piglets than ND piglets. The relative abundances of colonic Alloprevotella and caecal Lactobacillus were significantly higher, while the population of caecal [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group was lower (p < 0.05) in 25-D piglets than ND piglets. In conclusion, maternal 25OHD3 supplementation partly improved antioxidant status in sows and suckling piglets and altered gut microbiota in the hindgut of piglets.

中文翻译：

---

妊娠和哺乳期最后一周母体 25-羟胆钙化醇对乳仔猪血清参数、肠道形态和微生物群的影响

摘要 本研究旨在测试母体 25-羟基胆钙化醇 (25OHD3) 补充剂对乳猪血清参数、肠道形态和微生物群的影响。实验从妊娠第 107 天开始，一直持续到仔猪在泌乳第 21 天断奶。32 头母猪被随机分配到两个处理组（ND 日粮，基础日粮中含有 2000 IU/kg 维生素 D3；25-D 日粮，基础日粮中含有 50 μg/kg 25OHD3）。结果表明，母猪 25-D 处理增加（p < 0.05）脐带中的血清 25OHD3 浓度，这导致来自 25-D 母猪的哺乳仔猪的血清 25OHD3 浓度更高（p < 0.05）。25-D 母猪初乳中的 GSH-Px 活性高于 ND 母猪（p < 0.05），牛奶中的 SOD 和 GSH-Px 活性也高于（p < 0.05）。与哺乳 ND 母猪的仔猪相比，哺乳 25-D 母猪的仔猪在泌乳第 7、14 和 21 天具有更高的血清 SOD 活性（p < 0.05）。在泌乳第 21 天，与 ND 母猪相比，25 日龄母猪的仔猪血清 GH 和 IGF-I 水平更高（p < 0.05），血清 DAO 活性更低（p < 0.05）。25-D 母猪仔猪的空肠绒毛高度高于 ND 母猪仔猪（p < 0.05）。给母猪喂食 25OHD3 往往会增加（p < 0.10）哺乳仔猪结肠消化物中的物种丰富度，如 Chao-1 的 α 多样性指数所反映的那样。在盲肠食糜中，Simpson 和 Shannon 细菌群落分析的 α 多样性在 25-D 仔猪中低于 ND 仔猪（p < 0.05）。结肠 Alloprevotella 和盲肠乳酸杆菌的相对丰度显着较高，而盲肠 [真细菌]_coprostaoligenes_group 的数量在 25-D 仔猪中低于 ND 仔猪（p < 0.05）。总之，母猪补充 25OHD3 部分改善了母猪和哺乳仔猪的抗氧化状态，并改变了仔猪后肠的肠道微生物群。