Abstract The evaluation of oil spills and their coastal impacts remains a fundamental scientific challenge. This includes the prediction and subsequent evaluation of environmental damage caused by the spills, the development of impact mitigation and cleanup tactics, as well as community preparedness strategies. Much of the recent scientific research in this domain leverages case studies based on spill simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the predictive models and methods and their implications for community response. Although many of these studies provide a good snapshot of anticipated consequences of an oil spill at a singular moment in time and in a specific place – the need to evaluate changes in impact at different times and locations remains a fundamental aspect for response policy and contingency planning. The purpose of this paper is to improve the fidelity of spill evaluations, response, and preparedness by using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS) method. In short, TOPSIS is used to rank and compare the spatiotemporal dynamics of spill impacts. It also provides a means for evaluating worst case discharge scenarios. The results of this work can help inform response preparedness by highlighting the geographic and seasonal nuances of potential spill impacts while also detailing an objective approach to ranking oil spill severity.

中文翻译：

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使用多标准决策框架对溢油严重程度进行时空分析

摘要 溢油及其沿海影响的评估仍然是一项基本的科学挑战。这包括对泄漏造成的环境损害的预测和后续评估、影响减轻和清理策略的制定以及社区准备策略。该领域最近的许多科学研究都利用基于泄漏模拟的案例研究来证明预测模型和方法的有效性及其对社区响应的影响。尽管这些研究中的许多研究在特定时间和特定地点提供了溢油预期后果的良好快照，但需要评估不同时间和地点的影响变化仍然是响应政策和应急计划的一个基本方面. 本文的目的是通过使用与理想解决方案相似的优先顺序技术 (TOPSIS) 方法来提高泄漏评估、响应和准备的保真度。简而言之，TOPSIS 用于对泄漏影响的时空动态进行排序和比较。它还提供了一种评估最坏情况放电场景的方法。这项工作的结果可以通过突出潜在泄漏影响的地理和季节性细微差别，同时还详细说明对石油泄漏严重程度进行排序的客观方法，从而有助于为应急准备提供信息。它还提供了一种评估最坏情况放电场景的方法。这项工作的结果可以通过突出潜在泄漏影响的地理和季节性细微差别，同时还详细说明对石油泄漏严重程度进行排序的客观方法，从而有助于为应急准备提供信息。它还提供了一种评估最坏情况放电场景的方法。这项工作的结果可以通过突出潜在泄漏影响的地理和季节性细微差别，同时还详细说明对石油泄漏严重程度进行排序的客观方法，从而有助于为应急准备提供信息。