Abstract Although negative perceptions of wildlands may play a role in outdoor recreational preferences, little is known about whether childhood nature experiences change people’s negative perceptions towards nature and their preferences for outdoor recreation later in life. We conducted a questionnaire survey of university students in Tokyo, Japan, to explore their disgust and fear-evoking episodes in early outdoor activities and how those experiences influenced later preferences for nature-related activities. We constructed a structured equation model (SEM) to analyze structural relationships across a variety of factors: sociodemographics, amount of green space in childhood environments, childhood nature experiences, disgust sensitivity and fear expectancy arising from outdoor activities, and preferences for outdoor activity later in life. We found that disgust and fear-evoking experiences in early outdoor activities decreased levels of disgust sensitivity and fear expectancy later on. The SEM results showed that disgust sensitivity towards outdoor activities significantly and negatively influenced preferences for outdoor activities, whereas fear expectancy did not. Childhood nature experiences were a strong predictor of disgust sensitivity to, and fear expectancy for, outdoor activities, suggesting that increasing contact with nature during childhood would be useful for decreasing negative perceptions of nature later on. In addition, the quantity of green areas around residential settings significantly positively impacted childhood nature experiences, highlighting the important role of accessible urban green space for childhood recreation and durable positive perceptions of nature.

中文翻译：

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童年的自然体验和对自然的负面情绪如何影响年轻人对户外活动的偏好？

摘要 尽管对荒地的负面看法可能在户外休闲偏好中发挥作用，但人们对童年的自然经历是否会改变人们对自然的负面看法以及他们在以后的生活中对户外休闲的偏好知之甚少。我们对日本东京的大学生进行了问卷调查，以探讨他们在早期户外活动中的厌恶和恐惧感，以及这些经历如何影响后来对自然相关活动的偏好。我们构建了一个结构化方程模型 (SEM) 来分析各种因素的结构关系：社会人口统计学、童年环境中的绿地数量、童年自然体验、户外活动引起的厌恶敏感性和恐惧预期，以及以后对户外活动的偏好。生活。我们发现，早期户外活动中的厌恶和恐惧诱发体验会降低以后的厌恶敏感度和恐惧预期。SEM 结果表明，对户外活动的厌恶敏感性显着地对户外活动的偏好产生负面影响，而恐惧预期则没有。童年的自然经历是对户外活动的厌恶敏感度和恐惧预期的有力预测因素，这表明在童年时期增加与自然的接触将有助于减少以后对自然的负面看法。此外，住宅环境周围的绿地数量对儿童的自然体验产生了显着的积极影响，突出了无障碍城市绿地对儿童娱乐和持久的自然积极看法的重要作用。