The novel polyethersulfone/ethylenediamine-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (PES/MWCNTs-NH₂) nanocomposite was synthesized and introduced as an efficient adsorbent for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solutions. The characterization analyses, including FTIR, TGA, SEM, and EDX, confirmed the successful functionalization of MWCNTs through three steps acidic treatment, acylation with SOCL₂, and amine functionalization. The influence of MWCNTs functionalization, pH, stirring speed, contact time, and adsorbent dosage on the Pb(II) adsorption by PES/MWCNTs-NH₂ nanocomposite was investigated. The optimum condition was obtained on neutral pH, contact time 10 min, stirring speed 400 rpm, and adsorbent dosage 0.1 g of PES/1% MWCNTs-NH₂, which reached the maximum adsorption capacity of 272 mg/g. The equilibrium studies were investigated by consideration of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and D-R isotherm models, which revealed that Pb(II) adsorption onto PES/MWCNTs-NH₂ was performed on a heterogeneous surface with a non-uniform distribution of heat of adsorption. Also, it confirmed that the chemisorption process was favorable. The kinetic studies through pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order (as a reaction-based model), and Boyd models (diffusion-based model) showed that the chemisorption adsorption rate was fast, and controlled by film diffusion. Thermodynamic studies indicated that Pb(II) adsorption process onto PES/MWCNTs-NH₂ was spontaneous, endothermic, by increasing the randomness of the solid/liquid interface.

合成了新型的聚醚砜/乙二胺功能化的多壁碳纳米管（PES / MWCNTs-NH ₂）纳米复合材料，并将其作为从水溶液中去除Pb（II）的有效吸附剂。包括FTIR，TGA，SEM和EDX在内的表征分析证实了通过三个步骤的酸性处理，SOCL ₂酰化和胺官能化可以成功完成MWCNT的官能化。研究了MWCNTs的功能化，pH，搅拌速度，接触时间和吸附剂用量对PES / MWCNTs-NH ₂纳米复合材料吸附Pb（II）的影响。在中性pH，接触时间10分钟，搅拌速度400 rpm和吸附剂量0.1 g PES / 1％MWCNTs-NH _2的条件下获得了最佳条件达到最大吸附量272 mg / g。通过研究Langmuir，Freundlich，Temkin和DR等温模型研究平衡研究，结果表明Pb（II）在PES / MWCNTs-NH ₂上的吸附是在非均匀表面上进行的，吸附热分布不均匀。另外，证实了化学吸附过程是有利的。通过拟一阶，拟二阶（基于反应的模型）和Boyd模型（基于扩散的模型）的动力学研究表明，化学吸附吸附速度快，并且受膜扩散控制。热力学研究表明，Pb（II）在PES / MWCNTs-NH ₂上的吸附过程 通过增加固/液界面的无规性自发吸热。