The implementation of different forms of public aids for industrial companies is standard practice in all countries to promote economic development and job creation. This study presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different instruments for public aid to industrial companies. Using a wide sample of Spanish companies that have received four types of public aid, it has been possible to verify the effect of each of the public aid on the evolution of the companies´ efficiency. The results obtained suggest that the participative loan is the instrument that improves the efficiency of companies significantly.

中文翻译：

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公共援助评估：西班牙工业公司的经验证据

为工业公司实施不同形式的公共援助是所有国家促进经济发展和创造就业机会的标准做法。这项研究提供了对工业企业的公共援助不同工具的有效性的比较分析。使用获得了四种公共援助的西班牙公司的广泛样本，可以验证每种公共援助对公司效率发展的影响。所得结果表明，参与性贷款是显着提高公司效率的工具。