Multidrug-resistant (MDR) superficial bacterial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter sp. and Klebsiella sp. have emerged as major threats toward global health care management. In search of a novel antimicrobial, our main objectives were to explore the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and wound healing potential of glutathione and citrate-capped copper oxide nanoparticles (CuNPs) against gram-negative MDR pathogens Klebsiella quasipneumoniae and Enterobacter sp., ensuring the lowest possible host cell nano-cytotoxicity and minimum susceptibility of the CuNPs toward oxidation. The CuNPs were found to elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation within bacterial cells, inhibiting the bacterial growth and division. They contributed to the remodeling of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide, induced membrane lysis, and promoted antibiofilm activities by reduced cell–cell aggregation and matrix destabilization while displaying excellent biocompatibility against HEK-293 and HeLa cell lines. The CuNPs were also instrumental in preventing postsurgical wound infections and aiding in wound closure in the murine excisional wound model, as observed in albino Wistar rats, forcing us to believe that the CuNPs are bioactive in wound therapy. The results are encouraging and demands further experimental exploitation of the particles in treating other MDR gram-negative infections, irrespective of their resistance status.

中文翻译：

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生物相容性谷胱甘肽的有效杀生物和伤口愈合能力：柠檬酸盐封端的氧化铜纳米颗粒对抗多药耐药的致病肠杆菌

由耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌属引起的多重耐药 (MDR) 浅表细菌感染。和克雷伯氏菌。已成为全球卫生保健管理的主要威胁。为了寻找一种新的抗菌剂，我们的主要目标是探索谷胱甘肽和柠檬酸盐封端的氧化铜纳米粒子 (CuNPs) 对革兰氏阴性 MDR 病原体类肺炎克雷伯菌和肠杆菌的抗菌、抗生物膜和伤口愈合潜力sp.，确保尽可能低的宿主细胞纳米细胞毒性和最小的 CuNPs 对氧化的敏感性。发现 CuNPs 在细菌细胞内引发活性氧 (ROS) 生成，抑制细菌的生长和分裂。它们有助于细菌脂多糖的重塑，诱导膜裂解，并通过减少细胞间聚集和基质不稳定来促进抗生物膜活性，同时对 HEK-293 和 HeLa 细胞系显示出优异的生物相容性。正如在白化 Wistar 大鼠中观察到的那样，CuNPs 还有助于预防术后伤口感染和帮助伤口闭合小鼠切除伤口模型，这迫使我们相信 CuNPs 在伤口治疗中具有生物活性。