Rivers of the Arctic will become ever more important for the global climate, since they carry a majority of continental dissolved organic carbon flux into the rapidly changing polar ocean. Aqueous organics comprise a wide array of functional groups, several of which are likely to impact coastal and open water biophysical properties. Light attenuation, interfacial films, aerosol formation, gas release and momentum exchange can all be cited. We performed Lagrangian kinetic modeling for the evolution of riverine organic chemistry as the molecules in question make their way from the highlands to Arctic outlets. Classes as diverse as the proteins, sugars, lipids, re-condensates, humics, bio-tracers and small volatiles are all included. Our reduced framework constitutes an idealized northward flow driving a major hydrological discharge rate and primarily representing the Russian Lena. Mountainous, high solute and tundra sources are all simulated, and they meet up at several points between soil and delta process reactors. Turnover rates are parameterized beginning with extrapolated coastal values imposed along a limited tributary network, with connections between different terrestrial sub-ecologies. Temporal variation of our total dissolved matter most closely resembles the observations when we focus on the restricted removal and low initial carbon loads, suggesting relatively slow transformation along the water course. Thus, channel combinations and mixing must play a dominant role. Nevertheless, microbial and photochemical losses help determine the final concentrations for most species. Chemical evolution is distinct for the various functionalities, with special contributions from pre- and post-reactivity in soil and delta waters. Several functions are combined linearly to represent the collective chromophoric dissolved matter, characterized here by its absorption. Tributaries carry the signature of lignin phenols to segregate tundra versus taiga sources, and special attention is paid to the early then marine behaviors of low molecular weight volatiles. Heteropolycondensates comprise the largest percentage of reactive carbon in our simulations due to recombination/accumulation, and they tend to be preeminent at the mouth. Outlet concentrations of individual structures such as amino acids and absorbers lie above threshold values for biophysical influence, on the monolayer and light attenuation. The extent of coastal spreading is examined through targeted regional box modeling, relying on salinity and color for calibration. In some cases, plumes reach the scale of peripheral arctic seas, and amplification is expected during upcoming decades. Conclusions are mapped from the Lena to other boreal discharges, and future research questions are outlined regarding the bonding type versus mass release as permafrost degrades. Dynamic aqueous organic coupling is recommended for polar system models, from headwaters to coastal diluent.

中文翻译：

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北极河流中的功能有机化学建模：理想的西伯利亚系统

北极河对于全球气候而言将变得越来越重要，因为它们将大部分大陆溶解的有机碳通量带入迅速变化的极地海洋。水性有机物包含各种各样的官能团，其中一些可能会影响沿海和开放水域的生物物理特性。可以列举光衰减，界面膜，气溶胶形成，气体释放和动量交换。我们进行了拉格朗日动力学模型来研究河流有机化学的演化，因为这些分子从高地流向了北极。包括蛋白质，糖，脂质，再冷凝物，腐殖质，生物示踪剂和少量挥发物在内的各种类别。我们简化的框架构成了一个理想的向北流动，带动了主要的水文排放速率，并且主要代表了俄罗斯莉娜。山区，高溶质和冻原均被模拟，它们在土壤反应器和三角洲反应堆之间的几个点汇合。对周转率进行参数化，从沿着有限的支流网络施加的外推海岸值开始，并在不同的陆地亚生态之间建立联系。当我们关注受限的去除和低初始碳负荷时，我们总溶解物质的时间变化与观察结果最为相似，这表明沿水过程的转换相对较慢。因此，通道组合和混合必须起主导作用。不过，微生物和光化学损失有助于确定大多数物种的最终浓度。各种功能的化学演化是不同的，在土壤和三角洲水域中，反应前后的特殊贡献。几个函数线性组合以代表集体发色溶解物，此处以其吸收为特征。支流带有木质素酚的签名，以分离苔原和针叶林来源，特别注意低分子量挥发物的早期海洋行为。在我们的模拟中，由于复合/积累，杂缩聚物占活性炭的比例最大，并且它们往往在口中占优势。诸如氨基酸和吸收剂之类的单个结构的出口浓度高于对生物物理影响的阈值，对单层和光衰减有影响。通过有针对性的区域盒子建模，依靠盐度和颜色进行校准，可以检查沿海扩散的程度。在某些情况下，羽流达到了北极外围海域的规模，预计在接下来的几十年中还会扩大。结论从Lena到其他北方排放物都有对应关系，并概述了随着永冻土退化，结合类型与质量释放之间的未来研究问题。对于极性系统模型（从源头到沿海稀释剂），建议使用动态水性有机偶合。依靠盐度和颜色进行校准。在某些情况下，羽流达到了北极外围海域的规模，预计在接下来的几十年中还会扩大。结论从Lena到其他北方排放物都有对应关系，并概述了随着永冻土退化，结合类型与质量释放之间的未来研究问题。对于极性系统模型（从源头到沿海稀释剂），建议使用动态水性有机耦合。依靠盐度和颜色进行校准。在某些情况下，羽流达到了北极外围海域的规模，预计在接下来的几十年中还会扩大。结论从Lena到其他北方排放物都有对应关系，并概述了随着永冻土退化，结合类型与质量释放之间的未来研究问题。对于极性系统模型（从源头到沿海稀释剂），建议使用动态水性有机偶合。