The fatty acid composition of human follicular fluid is important for oocyte development and for pregnancy following in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study investigated whether a dietary intervention that included an increase in marine omega‐3 fatty acids, olive oil and vitamin D alters the fatty acid composition of human follicular fluid. The association of lifestyle factors with follicular fluid fatty acid composition was also investigated. Fifty‐five couples awaiting IVF were randomized to receive the 6‐week treatment intervention of olive oil for cooking, an olive oil‐based spread, and a daily supplement drink enriched with vitamin D and the marine omega‐3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 56 couples were randomized to receive placebo equivalents. Dietary questionnaires were completed, and samples of blood were taken before and after the intervention. Follicular fluid was collected at oocyte retrieval and the fatty acid profile assessed using gas chromatography. In the control group, individual fatty acids in red blood cells and follicular fluid were significantly correlated. Furthermore, a healthier diet was associated with a lower percentage of follicular fluid arachidonic acid. The follicular fluid of women in the treatment group contained significantly higher amounts of EPA and DHA compared to the control group, while the omega‐6 fatty acids linoleic, γ‐linolenic, dihomo‐γ‐linolenic, and arachidonic were lower. This is the first report of a dietary intervention altering the fatty acid composition of follicular fluid in humans. Further research is required to determine whether this intervention improves oocyte quality.

中文翻译：

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包含海洋 Omega-3 脂肪酸的 6 周饮食干预改变了人类卵泡液的脂肪酸组成

人卵泡液的脂肪酸组成对卵母细胞发育和体外妊娠很重要受精（IVF）。本研究调查了包括增加海洋 omega-3 脂肪酸、橄榄油和维生素 D 在内的饮食干预是否会改变人类卵泡液的脂肪酸组成。生活方式因素与卵泡液脂肪酸组成的关联也进行了调查。55 对等待 IVF 的夫妇被随机分配接受为期 6 周的橄榄油烹饪干预、一种以橄榄油为基础的涂抹物以及富含维生素 D 和海洋 omega-3 脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 的每日补充饮料) 和二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 和 56 对夫妇随机接受安慰剂等效物。完成饮食问卷，并在干预前后采集血液样本。在取卵时收集卵泡液，并使用气相色谱法评估脂肪酸谱。在对照组中，红细胞和卵泡液中的单个脂肪酸显着相关。此外，更健康的饮食与较低百分比的卵泡液花生四烯酸有关。与对照组相比，治疗组女性的卵泡液中 EPA 和 DHA 的含量明显更高，而 omega-6 脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量较低。这是改变人类卵泡液脂肪酸组成的饮食干预的第一份报告。需要进一步的研究来确定这种干预是否能提高卵母细胞的质量。个体红细胞和卵泡液中的脂肪酸呈显着相关。此外，更健康的饮食与较低百分比的卵泡液花生四烯酸有关。与对照组相比，治疗组女性的卵泡液中 EPA 和 DHA 的含量明显更高，而 omega-6 脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量较低。这是改变人类卵泡液脂肪酸组成的饮食干预的第一份报告。需要进一步的研究来确定这种干预是否能提高卵母细胞的质量。红细胞和卵泡液中的个体脂肪酸呈显着相关。此外，更健康的饮食与较低百分比的卵泡液花生四烯酸有关。与对照组相比，治疗组女性的卵泡液中 EPA 和 DHA 的含量明显更高，而 omega-6 脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量较低。这是改变人类卵泡液脂肪酸组成的饮食干预的第一份报告。需要进一步的研究来确定这种干预是否能提高卵母细胞的质量。与对照组相比，治疗组女性的卵泡液中 EPA 和 DHA 的含量明显更高，而 omega-6 脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量较低。这是改变人类卵泡液脂肪酸组成的饮食干预的第一份报告。需要进一步的研究来确定这种干预是否能提高卵母细胞的质量。与对照组相比，治疗组女性的卵泡液中 EPA 和 DHA 的含量明显更高，而 omega-6 脂肪酸亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量较低。这是改变人类卵泡液脂肪酸组成的饮食干预的第一份报告。需要进一步的研究来确定这种干预是否能提高卵母细胞的质量。