Apicomplexan parasites cause major human disease and food insecurity. They owe their considerable success to highly specialized cell compartments and structures. These adaptations drive their recognition, nondestructive penetration, and elaborate reengineering of the host’s cells to promote their growth, dissemination, and the countering of host defenses. The evolution of unique apicomplexan cellular compartments is concomitant with vast proteomic novelty. Consequently, half of apicomplexan proteins are unique and uncharacterized. Here, we determine the steady-state subcellular location of thousands of proteins simultaneously within the globally prevalent apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. This provides unprecedented comprehensive molecular definition of these unicellular eukaryotes and their specialized compartments, and these data reveal the spatial organizations of protein expression and function, adaptation to hosts, and the underlying evolutionary trajectories of these pathogens.

顶复门寄生虫会导致重大的人类疾病和粮食不安全。它们的巨大成功归功于高度专业化的细胞隔室和结构。这些适应推动了它们的识别、非破坏性渗透和对宿主细胞的精心改造，以促进它们的生长、传播和对抗宿主防御。独特的 apicomplexan 细胞区室的进化伴随着巨大的蛋白质组学新颖性。因此，一半的顶复门蛋白质是独特的且没有特征的。在这里，我们同时确定了全球流行的顶复门寄生虫弓形虫内数千种蛋白质的稳态亚细胞定位. 这为这些单细胞真核生物及其特殊区室提供了前所未有的全面分子定义，这些数据揭示了蛋白质表达和功能的空间组织、对宿主的适应以及这些病原体的潜在进化轨迹。