AMPA receptors are the key molecules of excitatory and inhibitory synapses and are involved in synaptic plasticity. Cognitive functions of the brain such as signal perception, processing and analysis of information, memory, storage and exchange of information are reduced when the processes controlling the assembly of AMPA receptors, membrane trafficking and synapse-specific expression are impaired. The content of the receptors in synapses is regulated by exocytosis, endocytosis, and receptor recycling. Auxiliary subunits and partners modulate the function of AMPA receptors. Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPAR) not containing the GluA2 subunit are involved in multiple forms of the synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation and depression, and play an important role in maintaining the correct balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. The activation of CP-AMPAR in neurons provides a fast postsynaptic Ca2+ entry, which triggers the processes modifying synaptic functions through the interaction with other Ca2+-transporting systems. The purpose of this review is to draw the attention of researchers to recent advances in the participation of CP-AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity.

中文翻译：

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Ca2+-可渗透AMPA 受体参与突触可塑性

AMPA受体是兴奋性和抑制性突触的关键分子，参与突触可塑性。当控制 AMPA 受体组装、膜运输和突触特异性表达的过程受损时，大脑的认知功能，例如信号感知、信息处理和分析、记忆、信息存储和交换，就会减少。突触中受体的含量受胞吐作用、内吞作用和受体再循环的调节。辅助亚基和伙伴调节 AMPA 受体的功能。不含 GluA2 亚基的 Ca2+ 渗透性 AMPA 受体 (CP-AMPAR) 参与多种形式的突触可塑性，包括长期增强和抑制，并在维持大脑兴奋和抑制之间的正确平衡方面发挥重要作用。神经元中 CP-AMPAR 的激活提供了快速的突触后 Ca2+ 进入，它通过与其他 Ca2+ 运输系统的相互作用触发了修改突触功能的过程。本综述的目的是提请研究人员注意 CP-AMPA 受体参与突触可塑性的最新进展。