In recent years, rapid land use land cover (LULC) changes have continuously taken place in many regions all over the world as a result of human activities. In the present study, the changes in LULC were analyzed by means of multi-temporal remote sensing of Qena-Luxor Governorates in Egypt between 1984 and 2018. In order to map and monitor the land use land cover changes, several remotely sensed data were applied to create multi-maps using (1) the normalized difference vegetation index and (2) supervised classification of Landsat images using field chick and accuracy assessment, including field verification and Google Earth Professional. Therefore, the lands in the study area can be classified as follows: (1) agricultural lands, (2) built-up areas, (3) water bodies, (4) reclaimed lands, and (5) desert lands. The results indicate that agricultural lands grew from an average of 1238.7 km2 (9.8%) in 1984 to 1707.04 km2 (13.40%) in 2018 and urban lands increased from 345.2 km2 (2.7%) in 1984 to 445.28 km2 (3.5%) in 2019. Furthermore, the reclaimed lands increased approximately from 4379.7 km2 in 1984 (i.e., 34.4% of the total study area) to 4521.05 km2 in 2000 (35.507%). However, this class was followed by a marked decline to 4373.51 km2 (34.35%) between 2000 and 2010 and then increased to approximately 4442 km2 (34.89%) between 2010 and 2018. Desert lands (limestone plateau and some lowland desert fringes) decreased from 6635.4 km2 (52.2%) to 6003.5 km2 (47.15%). The results showed that the overall accuracy of the supervised classification of Landsat satellite images ranges from 87 to 92.5% while kappa statistics were from 0.83 to 90.

中文翻译：

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使用埃及 Qena-Luxor 省 (QLG) 的多时相遥感和时间序列分析监测土地利用和土地覆盖变化检测

近年来，由于人类活动，全球许多地区不断发生土地利用土地覆盖（LULC）的快速变化。在本研究中，利用埃及 Qena-Luxor 省 1984 年至 2018 年间多时相遥感分析了 LULC 的变化。为了绘制和监测土地利用土地覆盖变化，应用了几种遥感数据使用 (1) 归一化差异植被指数和 (2) 使用田间小鸡和精度评估（包括现场验证和 Google Earth Professional）对 Landsat 图像进行监督分类来创建多地图。因此，研究区的土地可分为：（1）农业用地，（2）建成区，（3）水体，（4）开垦土地，（5）荒漠地。结果表明，农业用地面积从 1984 年的平均 1238.7 平方公里（9.8%）增加到 2018 年的 1707.04 平方公里（13.40%），城市土地从 1984 年的 345.2 平方公里（2.7%）增加到 445.28 平方公里（3.40%）。 . 此外，开垦土地面积从1984年的4379.7平方公里（占研究总面积的34.4%）增加到2000年的4521.05平方公里（35.507%）。然而，这一类随后在 2000 年至 2010 年间显着下降至 4373.51 平方公里（34.35%），然后在 2010 年至 2018 年间增加至约 4442 平方公里（34.89%）。沙漠土地（石灰岩高原和一些低地沙漠边缘）从6635.4 平方公里（52.2%）到 6003.5 平方公里（47.15%）。结果表明，Landsat 卫星图像监督分类的总体准确率在 87% 到 92.5% 之间，而 kappa 统计数据在 0.83 到 90 之间。