The metabolic stimulation induced by abiotic stress is an efficient strategy for the production of secondary metabolites in sterile and controlled plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures. Paclitaxel (taxol), one of the most widely used therapeutic compounds for the treatment of various cancers, is mainly produced through cell culture of the European yew (Taxus baccata L.). In this work, a T. baccata callus culture was subjected to drought stress induced in vitro by mannitol and sorbitol (1, 2, 3, and 4%) and sucrose (6 and 8%) to evaluate its impact on physiological and biochemical traits as well as paclitaxel and 10-deacetyl baccatin III (10-DBA) production. It was observed that drought stress caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in dry weight, proline, soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, total phenolics, flavonoids, and flavonols, and a decrease in relative water content, fresh weight, relative growth rate, and cell viability. Constitutive activities of superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were enhanced by the induced stress. The content of paclitaxel and 10-DBA was higher in stressed cultures than in the control. It can be concluded that T. baccata cells have a protection mechanism against oxidative damage involving induced activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The induction of moderate drought stress could therefore be an effective strategy for increasing taxanes production in T. baccata callus cultures.

由非生物胁迫诱导的代谢刺激是在无菌和受控植物细胞，组织和器官培养物中产生次生代谢产物的有效策略。紫杉醇（紫杉醇）是用于治疗各种癌症的最广泛使用的治疗化合物之一，主要通过欧洲紫杉（Taxus baccata L.）的细胞培养产生。在这项工作中，T.baccata愈伤组织培养物受到甘露醇和山梨糖醇（1、2、3和4％）和蔗糖（6和8％）在体外诱导的干旱胁迫，以评估其对生理和生化特性的影响以及紫杉醇和10-脱乙酰浆果赤霉素III（10-DBA）的生产。据观察，干旱胁迫引起显着增加（P<0.05）的干重，脯氨酸，可溶性糖，过氧化氢，脂质过氧化作用，总酚，类黄酮和黄酮醇的含量，相对含水量，鲜重，相对生长率和细胞活力降低。诱导的应激增强了超氧化物歧化酶，愈创木酚过氧化物酶，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的本构活性。应激培养物中紫杉醇和10-DBA的含量高于对照组。可以得出结论，baccata T. baccata细胞具有抗氧化损伤的保护机制，该氧化损伤涉及酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂的诱导活性。因此，诱导中等程度的干旱胁迫可能是增加bacbac愈伤组织培养物中紫杉烷类产量的有效策略。