The early stage of massive galaxy evolution often involves outflows driven by a starburst or a central quasar plus cold mode accretion (infall), which adds to the mass build-up in the galaxies. To study the nature of these infall and outflows in the quasar environments, we have examined the correlation of narrow absorption lines (NALs) at positive and negative velocity shifts to other quasar properties, such as their broad absorption-line (BAL) outflows and radio-loudness, using spectral data from SDSS-BOSS DR12. Our results show that the incidence of associated absorption lines (AALs) and outflow AALs is strongly correlated with BALs, which indicates most AALs form in quasar-driven outflows. Multiple AALs are also strongly correlated with BALs, demonstrating quasar outflows tend to be highly structured and can create multiple gas components with different velocity shifts along our line of sight. Infall AALs appear less often in quasars with BALs than quasars without BALs. This suggests that BAL outflows act on large scale in host galaxies and inhibit the infall of gas from the IGM, supporting theoretical models in which quasar outflow plays an important role in the feedback to host galaxies. Despite having larger distances, infall AALs are more highly ionized than outflow AALs, which can be attributed to the lower densities in the infall absorbers.

中文翻译：

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高红移 BOSS 类星体的吸收线环境

大规模星系演化的早期阶段通常涉及由星暴或中央类星体驱动的外流加上冷模式吸积（流入），这增加了星系中的质量积累。为了研究类星体环境中这些流入和流出的性质，我们研究了正负速度偏移下的窄吸收线 (NAL) 与其他类星体特性的相关性，例如它们的宽吸收线 (BAL) 流出和射电- 响度，使用来自 SDSS-BOSS DR12 的频谱数据。我们的结果表明，相关吸收线 (AAL) 和流出 AAL 的发生率与 BAL 密切相关，这表明大多数 AAL 形成于类星体驱动的流出中。多个 AAL 也与 BAL 密切相关，证明类星体外流往往是高度结构化的，并且可以沿着我们的视线产生具有不同速度变化的多种气体成分。与没有 BAL 的类星体相比，在有 BAL 的类星体中，入射 AAL 出现的频率更低。这表明 BAL 外流在宿主星系中大规模作用并抑制了 IGM 气体的进入，支持了类星体外流在对宿主星系的反馈中起重要作用的理论模型。尽管具有更大的距离，但流入 AAL 比流出 AAL 的电离度更高，这可归因于流入吸收器的较低密度。支持类星体流出在对宿主星系的反馈中起重要作用的理论模型。尽管具有更大的距离，但流入 AAL 比流出 AAL 的电离度更高，这可归因于流入吸收器的较低密度。支持类星体流出在对宿主星系的反馈中起重要作用的理论模型。尽管具有更大的距离，但流入 AAL 比流出 AAL 的电离度更高，这可归因于流入吸收器的较低密度。